閱讀理解是成人大學聯考英語考試中的難點，很多考生都被閱讀理解難倒了。下面小編爲大家整理了成人大學聯考英語答題技巧，希望能幫到大家！
關於作者的態度類問題(Attitude)
閱讀理解的最後一題常常提問在作者對文章中某一問題的態度(Attitude)、全文的基調(Tone)、文章的出處(Source)及對文章前後接續內容的判斷等。
關於態度或基調(Attitude/Tone)類題的回答應從篇章的體裁着手，一般來說，在說明文中作者的態度是客觀的(objective)或中立的(neutral);而在議論文中，作者的觀點纔會顯得多種多樣，常風的選項有：
(1)positive(積極的)
(2)negative(消極的)
(3)neutral(中立的)
(4)approval(贊成的)
(5)disapproval(不贊成的)
(6)indifferent(漠不關心的)
(7)sarcastic(諷刺的)
(8)critical(批評的)
(9)optimistic(樂觀的)
(10)pessimistic(悲觀的)
問題的幾種提問方式：
(1)What's the writer's attitude to…
(2)What's the tone of the passage?
(3)The author's view is_______
有文章中，作者觀點明確，文章基調清楚，而有的文章中，作者僅僅暗示對某一問題的態度和觀點，需要閱讀時仔細琢磨。解答這類問題時，首先應請注意篇章中起連接手段作用的那些詞語;其次應注意有些表明作者觀點詞彙，如形容詞、動詞等。
對文章的出處及文章前後接續內容判斷等可從全篇着手，從個別句子或詞彙找線索進行判斷。
Example：
I am not so nave，however，as to believe that is responsible for this unfortunate situation of the American woman. I am not a feminist，but I am an individualist.I do not believe there is any important difference between men and ainly not as much as there may be between one woman and another or one man and e are plenty of women and men，for that matter who would be completely fulfilled in being allowed to be as lazy as someone will ensconce them in a pleasant home and pay their bills，they ask no more of life. It is quite all right for these men and women to live thus so long as fools can be found who will pay so much for nothing much in los，male and female，are to be found in every class and in the best of when a man does not want to be a gigolo，he has the freedom to go out and work and create as well as he a woman has if her individual husband lets her，tradition in society is against this passage the author looks on the situation of women with an attitude of.
A)amusement
B)indifference
C)disapproval
D)condemnation
此篇文章中，作者對待這一問題的態度十分明確、強硬(如用語I am not 等等)，因此只參在選項C)和D)中選擇。而從文章中的“gigolos”，"fools"等詞可看出作者不僅不贊成而且態度更甚。所以，選項C)程度還不夠，這一題的正確答案是D)
(4)The writer's attitude of，this passage is apparently_________
(5)The author suggests that_________
(6)According to author__________
有文章中，作者觀點明確，文章基調清楚，而有的文章中，作者僅僅暗示對某一問題的態度和觀點，需要閱讀時仔細琢磨。解答這類問題時，首先應請注意篇章中起連接手段作用的那些詞語;其次應注意有些表明作者觀點詞彙，如形容詞、動詞等。
對文章的出處及文章前後接續內容判斷等可從全篇着手，從個別句子或詞彙找線索進行判斷。
Example：
I am not so nave，however，as to believe that is responsible for this unfortunate situation of the American woman. I am not a feminist，but I am an individualist.I do not believe there is any important difference between men and ainly not as much as there may be between one woman and another or one man and e are plenty of women and men，for that matter who would be completely fulfilled in being allowed to be as lazy as someone will ensconce them in a pleasant home and pay their bills，they ask no more of life. It is quite all right for these men and women to live thus so long as fools can be found who will pay so much for nothing much in los，male and female，are to be found in every class and in the best of when a man does not want to be a gigolo，he has the freedom to go out and work and create as well as he a woman has if her individual husband lets her，tradition in society is against this passage the author looks on the situation of women with an attitude of.
A)amusement
B)indifference
C)disapproval
D)condemnation
此篇文章中，作者對待這一問題的態度十分明確、強硬(如用語I am not 等等)，因此只參在選項C)和D)中選擇。而從文章中的“gigolos”，"fools"等詞可看出作者不僅不贊成而且態度更甚。所以，選項C)程度還不夠，這一題的正確答案是D)
關於詞彙問題(Vocabulary)
詞彙(Vocabulary)是三級閱讀理解測試中非常重要的一項。詞彙類其實也是就細節進行提問，所不同的是這是唯一關於詞或詞組的練習項目，詞彙題往往要求對文章中的某個單詞、短語甚至句子等找出近義詞或最合適的解釋。解答這類題需要學生擁有較大的詞彙量。可是，單詞記憶似乎已成爲學生普遍反映最頭痛的難題。閱讀理解中詞彙類問題的常見提問方式有下列幾種：
(1)According to the author，the word“…”means_______.
(2)Which of the following is nearest in meaning to“…”?
(3)The term“……”in paragraph…can be best replaced by…
(4)What's the meaning of“…”in line…of paragraph…
(5)As used in the line…，the word“…”refers to_______.
一般來說，在文章的閱讀中解決釋義的最鄧辦法是猜測詞義。猜測詞義也需要一定的技巧，可以通過：1)上下文間意義的聯繫;2)同義關係;反義關係;3)詞的定義;4)對詞的解釋和舉例;5)構詞法知識猜測詞義。
1、利用上下文詞語意義的互相聯繫猜測詞義
Example：
The fishermen make their canoes from tree go from island to island in these light marrow boats and collect turtles' eggs.
我們從上下文中可以得出以下信息：“canoes”是一種漁夫用樹木做的、來回於島嶼之間的、輕狹長的、類似於小船之類的東西。儘管我們可能還不能肯定它的確切解釋，但這一生詞已經不會影響我們的閱讀和理解了。
Example：
Jogging has become very popular in some countries，It is believed to be a good exercise for old people.
“Jogging”的意思通過“a good exercise for old people ”可以推斷出是一種適合老年人的劇烈的運動方式。
2、利用文章中詞與詞的同義和反義關係猜測詞義
Example：
If you happened to be sitting in the woods outside the city，you might have witnessed a strange would have seen a very proud looking man riding along horseback，saying something.
在文章中可以很容易地判斷出“witnesss”的同義關係詞是“seen”，因此“witness”就是看見的意思。
Example：
In the northern regions the winters are generally cold and humid，and the summers hot and dry.
顯然，冬天和夏天的氣候是截然相反的，它們的修飾詞的意思也應該截然相反。“cold”與“hot”對應，“humid”與“dry”對應。因此，“humid”是“潮溼”的.意思。
3、利用文章中對詞的定義猜測詞義
Example：
Such experiences are not unusual for the amateur conchologists，people who collect shells.
Conchologists的意思可以根據該詞後面的同位解釋“people who collect shells”理解爲收集貝殼的人或貝殼收藏家。
Example：
Jack is now a florist，who keeps a shop for selling flowers in our district.
“florist”的意思就是其後定語從句“who keeps a shop for selling flowers”所描述的擁有一家專門賣花的商店的人，即“花店主”。
4、利用文章中對詞的舉例及解釋猜測詞義
Example：
Today young couples who are just starting their households of ten spend lots of their money on appliances，for instance，washing machines，refrigerators and color TVs.
通過所舉的例子(washing machines，refrigerators and color TVs)
可以看出，“appliances”應是這些名詞的總稱，即“家用電器”。
Example：
Finally the enemy threw down their weapons and walked out of the home with their hands over their heads.
通過後一句對“surrendered”的解釋：扔掉武器(throw down their weapons)，舉起雙手(with their hands over heads)可知其意是“投降”。
5、利用構詞法知識(前綴和後綴)猜測詞義
Example：
They overestimate the interviewee's ability and asked him many difficult questions.
“estimate”是“估計”的意思，“over-”是前綴，意爲“過分，過度，超過”等，因此“overestimate”就是“高估”的意思。
Example：
We were told that ours was the most spacious room in the hotel was why we had to pay so much for it.
“spacious”是由“space”(名詞，空間)+“ious”(形容詞後綴變化而來的，因此，可猜測其詞義爲“寬敞”。)
各種各樣的前、後綴可以構成名詞、形容詞、動詞、副詞等，這些詞綴需要平時不斷地積累和記憶。掌握構詞法知識是擴大詞彙量和猜測生詞詞義的最佳辦法。
關於推理性問題(Inference)
推理性問題與細節性問題相似，也是對文章具體內容的判斷。但推理不但要求掌握文章所表達的字面含義，還要掌握一定的邏輯判斷能力及寫作技巧知識，從文章表面推出更深層含義，這部分往往出題分量大，難度大，出錯也最多，歸根結底還是對文章內容沒有做到真正的理解和掌握。
Inference類問題主要包括Significance和Communication Techniques兩大類。
1、Significance
文字表面往往沒有明顯反映作者的全部意圖，有些含義需要讀者從字裏行間去體會，靠自己的邏輯推理能力去判斷，從上下文的聯貫及文中有關部分的暗示去明析作者隱含的意思。這類問題的命題方式有：
(1)The writer implies but not directly states that__________.
(2)It can be inferred from the passage that_________.
(3)The author strongly suggests that__________.
(4)It can be concluded from the passage that________.
(5)The passage is intended to__________.
(6)The writer indicates that__________.
Example:
Nursing at Beth Israel Hospital produces the best patient care we were to solve the nursing shortage，hospital administration and doctors everywhere would do well to follow Beth Israel's example.
At Beth Israel each patient is assigned to a primary nurse who visits at length with the patient and constructs a full-scale health ac-count that covers everything from his medical history to his emotion-al she writes a care plan centered on the patient's illness but which also includes everything else that is necessary.
The primary nurse stays with the patient through his hospitalization，keeping track with his progress and seeking further advice from his a patient at Beth Israel is not responding to treatment，it is not uncommon for his nurse to propose another approach to his the doctor at Beth Israel has in the primary nurse is a true colleague.
Nursing at Beth Israel also involves a decentralized(分散的)nursing administration;every floor，every unit is a self-contained e are nurse managers instead of head nurses，in addition to their medical duties they do all their own hiring and dismissing，employee advising，and they make salary unit's nurse decide among themselves who will work what shifts and when.
Beth Israel's nurse-in-chief ranks as an equal with other vice presidents of the hospital. She also is a member of the Medical Executive Committee，which in most hospitals includes only doctors.
It can be inferred from the passage that__________.
A)compared with other hospitals nurses at Beth Israel Hospital are more patient
B)in most hospitals nurses get low salaries
C)in most hospitals nurses get low salaries
D)compared with other hospitals nurses have to work longer hour at Beth Israel Hospital
本題要求考生判斷4個選項中哪一個是根據文章可以推斷出的結論，要求考生根據文章內容作出合理的推斷。從本題所提供的4個選項來看，文章並未談及護士的“耐心”(A);也未談及護士的“工資待遇”(C)，只是說到護士的工資提升要由各科室推薦;更未涉及護士的“工作時間長短”(D))，文章的第一段最後一句纔是得出正確答案的依據，這句的意思是：“如果我們確要解決護理工作不足的問題，那麼各地醫院的行政部門和醫生最好還是效法一下Beth Israel醫院”，主句的虛擬語氣也說明這一點：迄今爲止還未做到。由此可以推斷：①護理不充分是一個應該解決的問題;②這個問題普遍存在，否則就沒有必要要求各地醫院行政部門和醫生效法這家醫院的做法。因此本題的正確答案爲B)，本題屬於局域型問題的間接性問題，這類問題是考生出錯最多的題型。在做這類問題時，切忌從篇章的個別句子中尋找答案，而應把目光放在全篇的理解上：作者寫這篇文章的目的是什麼，針對什麼問題，如何解決等。有許多考生可能都有這種體驗：有的問題，第一遍閱讀時做對了，第二遍再細讀後，又改錯了。這就是因爲他們在讀第二遍時注意了對篇章的個別句於的推敲，而忽視了整篇文章的大意。
2、Communication Techniques
文章中的每一句話都有它的作用和目的，都是爲作者的寫作而服務的。有的是下層意思的鋪墊，有的是上旬話的結果，互相襯托，互相聯繫。四級閱讀中常常就技巧性問題提問，測試讀者對文章是否正確理解。這類題的命題方式有：
(1)The mentioned by the author to show_________.
(2)The author achieves his purpose by depending mainly upon.
(3)The writer talks order io_________ .
(4)In author_________.
(5)The author's statement ...
Example：
If women are mercilessly exploited year after year，they have only themselves to blame. Because they tremble at the thought of being seen in public in clothes that are out of fashion，they are al-ways taken advantage of by the designers and the big hes which have been worn only a few times have to be put aside because of the change of you come to think of it，only a woman is capable of standing in front of a wardrobe packed full of clothes and announcing sadly that she has nothing to ging fashions are nothing more than the intentional creation of women spend vast sums of money each year to replace clothes that have hardly been n who cannot afford to throw away clothing in this way，waste hours of their time altering the dresses they have. Skirts are lengthened or shortened，necklines are lowered or raised，and so on.
No one can claim that the fashion industry contributes any thing really important to ion designers are rarely concerned with vital things like warmth，comfort and are only interested in outward appearance and they take advantage of the fact that women will put up with any amount of discomfort，as long as they look e can hardly be a man who hasn't at some time in his life smiled at the sight of a woman shaking in a thin dress on a winter day，or delicately picking her way through deep snow in high- heeled shoes.
When comparing men and women in the matter of fashion，the conclusions to be drawn are the constantly changing fashions of women's clothes，one wonders，reflect basic qualities of inconstancy and instability?Men are too clever to let themselves be cheated by fashion their unchanging styles of dress reflect basic qualities of stability and reliability?That is for you to the writer，the fact that women alter their old-fashioned dresses is seen as_________.
A)a waste of money
B)waste of time
C)an expression of taste
本題問題是：女士們把過了時的衣服改來改去，在作者看來是“浪費金錢”(A));是“(女士對服裝的)喜好(品味)的表現”(C));是“(女士們)創造性的表現”(D));還是(B))所說的“浪費時間”。根據第二段所說的“waste hours of their time altering the dresses they have.”(Para.2，Line 4——5，答案應選B)
關於細節性問題(Suppporting Details)
細節性問題是關於Supporting Details類的問題，通過Skimming找出主題後，應進一步掌握闡述和發展主題的主要事實，或按要求找出特定細節。在回答此類問題時，應採用查讀法(Scanning)，因爲這些具體內容(Detai1s)是用來說明、論證或分析文章中心的。這類題目常以“WH-”形式來提問，如who，what，when，where，why及how等形式。這些問題的表達常不採用文章中的原話提問，而是使用同義詞語等，因此，在選擇答案前應首先看準題於，看清問題所問究竟;然後，在查讀時注意尋找與題目相關的關鍵詞語;最後，在充分理解原文、原題的基礎上確定正確答案。
當然，這類細節性問題所涉及的面是很廣的。有的涉及數字計算，如問時間、距離、次數、數量等，認真計算後方可選定正確答案;有的涉及正誤判斷，要先看選項，根據選項提供的線索，尋視文中相應部分，最後在題中選出肯定答案;還有的尋問事實、原因、結果、目的等。總之，做細節題切忌通過自己對某類知識的主觀瞭解和認識做出想像判斷，一定要緊扣文章內容，不可隨心所欲。
細節類問題的命題方式有以下幾種：
(1)Which of the following is NOT true according to the information in the passage?
(2)Which of the following is mentioned in the passage?
(3)What is the example described in the passage?
(4)The author mentions all of the following except...
(5)The reason ...
(6)The author states that...
(7)According to the passage，when(where，why，how，who，etc.)……
Example：
Just seven years ago，the Jarvik-7 artificial heart was being cheered as the model of human sight of Barney Clark-alive and conscious after trading his diseased heart for met-al-and-plastic pump -convinced the press，the public and many doctors that the future had hadn'r monitoring production of the Jarvik-7，and reviewing its effects on the 150 or so patients(most of whom got the device as a temporary measure)the U.S. Food and Drug Administration concluded that the machine was doing more to endanger lives than to save week the agency cancelled its earlier approval，effectively banning(禁止)the device.
The recall may hurt Symbion Inc，maker of the Jarvik-7，but it won't end the request for an artificial problem with the banned model is that the tubes connecting it to an external power source created a passage ntors are now working on new devices that would be fully placed，along with a tiny power pack，in the patient's first sample products aren't expected for another 10 or 20 some people are already worrying that they'11 work- and that America's overextended healthcare programs Will lose a precious $ 2.5 billion to $ 5 billion a year providing them for a relatively few dying patients. If such expenditures(開支)cut into funding for more basic care，the net effect could actually be a decline in the nation’s health. According to the passage the Jarvik-7 artificial heart proved to be________.
A)a technical failure
B)a technical wonder
C)a good life-saver
D)an effective means to treat heart disease
本題是考覈學生根據止下文全面理解和進行正確判斷的能力，問的是本文論述的Jarvik-7人造心臟性能和效果到底如何。文章一開頭說Jarvik-7是一大技術成就，但文章說到：…the U.S. Food and Drug Administration concluded that the machine was doing more to endanger lives than to save them(Line -7-9)。後面又提到：Last week the agency canceled its earlier approval，effectively banning the device.這兩句話提供了這個問題的答案。因此，答案：
The new models of artificial hearts are expected_______.
A)to have a working life of 10 or 20 years
B)to be set fully in the patient's chest
C)to be equipped with an external power source
D)to create a new passage for infection
本題是考覈正確理解事實細節的能力。選項已的意思與文章中第二段第三句，即“Inventors are now working…in the patient's chest.”的意思符合，因此選項B)是答案。
