國小生開始學習英語的時間越來越早,很多家長都知道國小是孩子打好英語基礎的黃金階段,所以特別重視國小英語的學習。下面是本站小編爲大家整理的國小英語知識,希望對大家有用!
國小基礎英語知識一.名詞:名詞單複數,名詞的格
(一)名詞單複數
1.一般情況,直接加-s,如:book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds
2.以s. x. sh. ch結尾,加-es,如:bus-buses, box-boxes, brush-brushes, watch-watches
3.以“輔音字母+y”結尾,變y爲i, 再加-es,如:family-families, strawberry-strawberries
4.以“f或fe”結尾,變f或fe爲v, 再加-es,如:knife-knives
5.不規則名詞複數:
man-men, woman-women, policeman-policemen, policewoman-policewomen, mouse-mice
child-children, foot-feet, tooth-teeth, fish-fish, people-people, Chinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japanese
不可數名詞的複數就是原型: paper, juice, water, milk, rice, tea
(二)名詞的格
(1) 有生命的東西的名詞所有格:
a) 單數後加 ’s 如: Lucy’s ruler my father’s shirt
b) 以s 結尾的複數名詞後加 ’如: his friends’ bags
c) 不以s 結尾的複數後加 ’s children’s shoes
l並列名詞中,如果把 ’s加在最後一個名詞後,表示共有, 如:
Tom and Mike’s car 湯姆和邁克共有的小汽車
l要表示所有物不是共有的,應分別在並列名詞後加’s
Tom’s and Mike’s cars 湯姆和麥克各自的小汽車
(2)表示無生命東西的名詞通常用“ of +名詞”來表示所有關係:如:
a picture of the classroom a map of China
國小重點英語知識.冠詞:不定冠詞,定冠詞種類:
(1)不定冠詞:a / an
元音開頭的可數名詞前用an :
an egg / an apple / an orange / an eraser / an answer / an ID card / an alarm clock / an actor / an actress / an e-mail / an address / an event / an example / an opera / an houran old man / an interesting book / an exciting sport / an action movie / an art lesson /
(2)定冠詞:the
定冠詞的用法:
(1)特指某(些)人或某(些)物: The ruler is on the desk.
(2)複述上文提到的人或物:He has a sweater. The sweater is new.
(3)談話雙方都知道的人或物:The boys aren’t at school.
(4)在序數詞前: John’s birthday is February the second.
(5)用於固定詞組中: in the morning / afternoon / evening
不用冠詞的情況:
(1)專有名詞前:China is a big country.
(2)名詞前有定語:this , that , my , your , some, any , no 等:
This is my baseball.
(3)複數名詞表示一類人和事:Monkeys can’t swim. They are teachers.
(4)在節日,日期,月份,季節前:Today is Christmas Day. It’s Sunday.
(5)一日三餐前:We have breakfast at 6:30.
(6)球類 棋類運動前:They often play football after class. He plays chess at home.
* 但樂器前要用定冠詞:I play the guitar very well.
(7)學科名稱前:My favorite subject is music.
(8)在稱呼或頭銜的名詞前:This is Mr Li.
(9)固定詞組中:at noon at night by bus
國小英語知識歸納一、國小英語形容詞性物主代詞
1、形容詞性物主代詞8個:
My your his her its our your their
我的你的他的她的它的我們的你們的他(她、它)們的
2、形容詞性物主代詞的特點:
1)譯成漢語都有"的" eg:my 我的 their 他們的
2)後面加名詞:eg:my backpack his name
3)前後不用冠詞 a an the
This is a my eraser(錯誤)
That is your a pen(錯誤)
It's his the pen(錯誤)
3、I(物主代詞)my you(物主代詞)your he (物主代詞)her we (物主代詞) our
注:在變物主代詞時,把原題所給的詞加上的,再譯成單詞就可以了。
二、國小英語名詞性物主代詞
1、名詞性物主代詞和形容詞性物主代詞一樣有8個:
Mine yours his hers its ours yours theirs
我的`你的他的她的它的我們的你們的他(她、它)們的
2、 名詞性物主代詞的特點:
1)譯成漢語都有"的"
2)後面不加名詞
3)名詞性物主代詞=形容詞性物主代詞+名詞
Eg:1、the pen is mine 鋼筆是我的(mine=my pen)
三、國小英語單數的句子變成複數的句子
把單數的句子成複數的句子很簡單:變法是把能變成複數的詞變成複數,但a或an要把去掉。特殊疑問詞、形容詞、國家及地點通常不變。
Eg:把下列句子變成複數
1, I have a car ----we have cars
2, He is an American boy. ----They are American boys
3, It is a car ----They are cars
4,This is an eraser ----These are erasers
5,That is a backpsck -----Those are backpacks
6,I'm an English teather ------We are English teathers
7,It's a new shirt---- They are new shirts
8,He's a boy ----They are boys
9,She's a singer ------They are singers