劉備臨終前說的話

自古以來就有“人之將死,其言也善”的說法,專制統治者說了一輩子牛話、橫話、大話,到了也免不了說兩句真話或者人話。不過,即便是真話,這裏面也有個三六九等。

劉備臨終前說的話

三國蜀漢的創立者劉備死前跟兒子說(雖然沒有直接見面):“勿以惡小而爲之,勿以善小而不爲!惟賢惟德,可以服人。”這更像是告訴兒子做人的道理。

同樣屬於割據政權的前秦開國皇帝苻健死前對兒子苻生則說:“六夷酋師及大臣執權者,若不從汝命,宜漸除之。”這是告訴兒子殺人的道理。

南朝齊明帝肖鸞死前跟兒子肖寶卷說:“做事不可在人後。”這是告訴兒子整人的道理。

所以,司馬溫公發過感慨:“知其不忠。則勿任而已矣。任以大柄,又從而猜之,鮮有不召亂者也。”

實際上,不論是苻生還是肖寶卷,別說做多少年的皇帝,起碼連個正常死亡都沒混上。

更可笑的是滿清的那位康熙老兒在看了三國劉備託孤這幕之後,也發了個議論:“三國人以詭詐相尚,鄙哉”。話音未落多久,自己就落得個非正常死亡,死因到現在都是個謎,康熙活着的時候就說五福之內考終壽最難,到最後他自己也沒有撈到。你說“三國人以詭詐相尚”,你康熙老兒父子之間至死不相明,難道還敢鄙視三國人嗎?

不怕不識貨,就怕貨比貨。比來比去,說到底還是三國人比較坦蕩一些。

單純解釋是阿斗如不成氣候可取而代之,實際上是逼諸葛亮在劉備死前表態要忠於劉氏集團,這就是劉備的高明之處,也可以解釋劉備爲什麼手下有這麼好的文臣武將,馭人術一流。

【出處】《三國志·蜀書·先主傳》裴松之注。

“勿以惡小而爲之,勿以善小而不爲。惟賢惟德,能服於人。”

這是劉備臨終前給其子劉禪的遺詔中的話,勸勉他要進德修業,有所作爲。好事要從小事做起,積小成大,也可成大事;壞事也要從小事開始防範,否則積少成多,也會壞大事。所以,不要因爲好事小而不做,更不能因爲不好的事小而去做。小善積多了就成爲利天下的大善,而小惡積多了則“足以亂國家”。

這個遺囑,集中體現了劉備的以“仁”爲核心的執政理念,也是對劉禪的政治遺囑。在《三國演義》中,劉備說過一段話:今與吾水火相敵者,曹操也。操以急,吾以寬;操以暴,吾以仁;操以譎,吾以忠;每與操相反,事乃可成。東漢後期,漢皇室衰微,天下大亂,豪強紛起,軍閥割據。在這種形勢下,要使政局穩定,各人有各人的看法和觀點,曹操認爲,天下大亂的根源在於朝廷的法度過寬,或者是執行不力,所以,要使政局穩定,就要嚴刑峻法,樹立起政府的絕對權威。而當時的劉備,爲了對抗曹操,爲了收攏人心,形成自己的勢力,從而恢復和光大漢家江山,就採取了和曹操完全相反的政策,以“寬、仁、忠”爲指導思想,形成以“仁”爲核心執政理念。在當時的形勢下,曹操的“急、暴、譎”,雖然實用,取得了一定的效果,形成自己的勢力和地盤,但也遭到了許多人的反對,而反對曹操的人,肯定會投奔到劉備的旗下,所以,劉備也逐漸壯大勢力,在三國鼎立時代成爲“鼎”之一足。

擴展閱讀:

非常經典有深度的電影英文臺詞

1.一個人總要走陌生的路,看陌生的風景,聽陌生的歌,然後在某個不經意的瞬間,你會發現,原本是費盡心機想要忘記的事情真的就那麼忘記了。

One is always on a strange road, watching strange scenery and listening to strange music. Then one day, you will find that the things you try hard to forget are already gone.

2.幸福,不是長生不老,不是大魚大肉,不是權傾朝野。幸福是每一個微小的生活願望達成。當你想吃的時候有得吃,想被愛的時候有人來愛你。

Happiness is not about being immortal nor having food or rights in one's hand. It’s about having each tiny wish come true, or having something to eat when you are hungry or having someone's love when you need love.

3.愛情是燈,友情是影子,當燈滅了,你會發現你的周圍都是影子。朋友,是在最後可以給你力量的人。

Love is a lamp, while friendship is the shadow. When the lamp is off,you will find the shadow everywhere. Friend is who can give you strength at last.

4.我愛你不是因爲你是誰,而是我在你面前可以是誰。

I love you not for who you are, but for who I am before you.

5.愛情,要麼讓人成熟,要麼讓人墮落。

Love makes man grow up or sink down.

6.舉得起放得下的叫舉重,舉得起放不下的叫負重。可惜,大多數人的愛情,都是負重的。

If you can hold something up and put it down, it is called weight-lifting; if you can hold something up but can never put it down,it's called burden-bearing. Pitifully, most of people are bearing heavy burdens when they are in love.

7.我們每個人都生活在各自的過去中,人們會用一分鐘的時間去認識一個人,用一小時的時間去喜歡一個人,再用一天的時間去愛上一個人,到最後呢,卻要用一輩子的時間去忘記一個人。

We all live in the past. We take a minute to know someone, one hour to like someone, and one day to love someone, but the whole life to forget someone.

8.一個人一生可以愛上很多的人,等你獲得真正屬於你的幸福之後,你就會明白一起的傷痛其實是一種財富,它讓你學會更好地去把握和珍惜你愛的人。

One may fall in love with many people during the lifetime. When you finally get your own happiness, you will understand the previous sadness is kind of treasure, which makes you better to hold and cherish the people you love.

9.年輕的時候會想要談很多次戀愛,但是隨着年齡的增長,終於領悟到愛一個人,就算用一輩子的時間,還是會嫌不夠。慢慢地去了解這個人,體諒這個人,直到愛上爲止,是需要有非常寬大的胸襟才行。

When you are young, you may want several love experiences. But as time goes on, you will realize that if you really love someone, the whole life will not be enough. You need time to know, to forgive and to love. All this needs a very big mind.

10.當明天變成了今天成爲了昨天,最後成爲記憶裏不再重要的某一天,我們突然發現自己在不知不覺中已被時間推着向前走,這不是靜止火車裏,與相鄰列車交錯時,彷彿自己在前進的錯覺,而是我們真實的在成長,在這件事裏成了另一個自己。

When tomorrow turns in today, yesterday, and someday that no more important in your memory, we suddenly realize that we are pushed forward by time. This is not a train in still in which you may feel forward when another train goes by. It is the truth that we've all grown up. And we become different.

11.離開我就別安慰我,要知道每一次縫補也會遭遇穿刺的痛。

If you leave me, please don't comfort me because each sewing has to meet stinging pain.

12.曾經擁有的,不要忘記。不能得到的,更要珍惜。屬於自己的`,不要放棄。已經失去的,留作回憶。

Don’t forget the things you once you owned. Treasure the things youcan’t get. Don't give up the things that belong to you and keep those lost things in memory.

13.我喜歡並習慣了對變化的東西保持着距離,這樣纔會知道什麼是最不會被時間拋棄的準則。比如愛一個人,充滿變數,我於是後退一步,靜靜的看着,直到看見真誠的感情。

I love and am used to keeping a distance with those changed in this way can I know what will not be abandoned by time. For example, when you love someone, changes are all around. Then I step backward and watching it silently, then I see the true feelings.

14.男人的愛是俯視而生,而女人的愛是仰視而生。如果愛情像座山,那麼男人越往上走可以俯視的女人就越多,而女人越往上走可以仰視的男人就越少。

Men love from overlooking while women love from looking up. If love is a mountain, then if men go up, more women they will see while women will see fewer men.

15.好的愛情是你通過一個人看到整個世界,壞的愛情是你爲了一個人捨棄世界。

Good love makes you see the whole world from one person while bad love makes you abandon the whole world for one person.

16.在自己面前,應該一直留有一個地方,獨自留在那裏。然後去愛。不知道是什麼,不知道是誰,不知道如何去愛,也不知道可以愛多久。只是等待一次愛情,也許永遠都沒有人。可是,這種等待,就是愛情本身。

We shall always save a place for ourselves, only for ourselves. And then begin to love. Have no idea of what it is, who he is, how to love or how long it will be. Just wait for one love. Maybe no one will come out, but this kind of waiting is the love itself.

17.有誰不曾爲那暗戀而痛苦?我們總以爲那份癡情很重,很重,是世上最重的重量。有一天,暮然回首,我們才發現,它一直都是很輕,很輕的。我們以爲愛的很深,很深,來日歲月,會讓你知道,它不過很淺,很淺。最深和最重的愛,必須和時日一起成長。

Is there anyone who hasn't suffered for the secret love? We always think that love is very heavy, heavy and could be the heaviest thing in the world. But one day, when you look back, you suddenly realize that it's always light, light. We all thought love was very deep, but in fact it's very thin. The deepest and heaviest love must grow up withthe time.

18.在這個世界上,只有真正快樂的男人,才能帶給女人真正的快樂。

In this world, only those men who really feel happy can give women happiness

19.女人如果不性感,就要感性;如果沒有感性,就要理性;如果沒有理性,就要有自知之明;如果連這個都沒有了,她只有不幸。

If a woman is not sexy, she needs emotion; if she is not emotional, she needs reason; if she is not reasonable, she has to know herself clearly. coz only she has is misfortune.

20.一段不被接受的愛情,需要的不是傷心,而是時間,一段可以用來遺忘的時間。一顆被深深傷了的心,需要的不是同情,而是理解。

An unacceptable love needs no sorrow but time- sometime for forgetting.A badly-hurt heart needs no sympathy but understanding.