GMAT邏輯黑臉題複習方法
概要:邏輯黑體字是GMAT考試中的基本問題,他是屬於所有題型中的對句子功能性作用考察的問題。黑體字題目要求考生對邏輯段落中的每一句話的作用和功能需要極其熟悉。讀全文要對文章爛熟於心。
1. 黑體字題的題型:
1)單一黑體字部分:
判斷單一黑體字部分在題幹中的作用或者扮演的角色;
Hunter: Hunters alone are blamed for the decline in Greenrock National Forest’s deer population over the past ten years. Yet clearly, black bears have also played an important role in this decline. In the past ten years, the forest’s protected black bear population has risen sharply, and examination of black bears found dead in the forest during the deer hunting season showed that a number of them had recently fed on deer.
In the hunter’s argument, the boldface portion plays which of the following roles?
2)兩個黑體字部分:
判斷兩個黑體字部分分別在題幹中起什麼作用或扮演什麼角色;
A product that represents a clear technological advance over competing products can generally command a high price. Because technological advances tend to be quickly surpassed and companies want to make large profits while they still can, many companies charge the greatest price the market will bear when they have such a product. But large profits on the mew product will give competitors a strong incentive to quickly match the mew product’s capabilities. Consequently, the strategy to maximize overall profit from a new product is to charge less than the greatest possible price.
In the argument above, the two portions in boldface play which of the following roles?
2. 黑體字解題策略:
1)熟悉GMAT邏輯中專用術語的表達和引導詞:
** Conclusion: author’s main claim
引導詞:conclusion, conclude, assert that, think that, claim, position, it can be made that... consequently, obviously, clearly, hence, therefore, thus...
** premise: a piece of evidence(fact or claim) that supports the author’s conclusion.
引導詞:because of, since, due to, as a result of
** Intermediate Conclusion: both a conclusion and a premise, it supports the final conclusion.
Is it the case that a (he’s more likely to get caught) is true, therefore B (he will probably end up in jail is true).
The red one is the intermediate conclusion and the blue one is the final conclusion.
** Counterpoint: goes against the author’s conclusion.
** background: set the context for an argument
** Consideration: a factor to be considered in forming a judgment or decision
例:Safety is the most important consideration in choosing a car.
當你在形成一個想法的時候,你必須去思考的。是考慮問題該關注的因素
** Evidence: A thing or things helpful in forming a conclusion or judgment
例:Scientists weigh the evidence for and against a hypothesis.
結論支持或者反對你所提出的結論。
** judgment:有主觀判斷的,一種推斷出來的依據;
The expert has therefore recommended that because the officers’ time spent obtaining approval is largely wasted, the watch commander’s approval no longer be required.
引導詞:it is fause/ill concieved; it should be rejected as... / no longer required, it is unjustified, it is reasonable.....
例子:
做GMAT題目中的人中心肌衰退的比例超過常人。這說明:2做GMAT題目中導致心肌功能衰退。所以,3做GMAT不好。但就算證據正確,由於4做GMAT題目的人往往在做題目之前已經是心力衰竭者,所以不能說明做GMAT題目導致心功能衰退。並且5做GMAT可以開發智力中,所以6做GMAT好。7請做GMAT題目吧!
1. 是支持中間結論2(mid conclusion)的`evidence;
2. 是mid conclusion,支持conclusion3;
3. 是conclusion,
4和5也是evidence,它們反對2和3,其實是反對1->2->3的論證(argument, argument=evidence+conclusion);
4. 是通過指出A->B本身的錯誤(類似於flaw)對1->2進行削弱,
5. 是通過C->B對2->3進行削弱的。4, 5均支持conclusion6的成立。
7. 和本文的邏輯推導無關,稱作suggestion,其位置一般在文章的最後。
2)掌握作者的感情態度:
引導詞:However, nevertheless, although, but,
選項中通過兩個黑體字句的引導
Newton developed mathematical concepts and techniques that are fundamental to modern calculus. Leibniz developed closely analogous concepts and techniques. It has traditionally been thought that these discoveries were independent. Researchers have, however, recently discovered notes of Leibniz’s that discuss one of Newton’s books on mathematics. Several scholars have argued that since the book includes a presentation of Newton’s calculus concepts and techniques, and since the notes were written before Leibniz’s own development of calculus concepts and techniques, it is virtually certain that the traditional view is false. A more cautious conclusion than this is called for, however. Leibniz’ notes are limited to early sections of Newton’s book, sections that precede the ones in which Newton’s calculus concepts and techniques are presented.
3)有時候看到轉折詞出現在兩個黑體字中,不一定是相反:
Aroca City currently funds its public schools through taxes on property. In place of this system, the city plans to introduce a sales tax of three percent on all retail sales in the city. Critics protest that three percent of current retail sales falls short of the amount raised for schools by property taxes. The critics are correct on this point. Nevertheless, implementing the plan will probably not reduce the money going to Aroca’s schools. Several large retailers have selected Aroca City as the site for huge new stores, and these are certain to draw large numbers of shoppers from neighboring municipalities, where sales are taxed at rates of six percent and more. In consequence, retail sales in Aroca City are bound to increase substantially.
3. 黑體字解題步驟:
1)時間充裕的情況:
** 讀全文 找出核心論點(不是中間論點) 讀出轉折含義 核心論點通常躲在轉折之後和句尾。
** 看boldface句同前後句的關係(無轉折既是邏輯上的延續)分清是boldface句爲其中某句服務還是某句爲boldface句服務。
** 推出兩個boldface句之間的邏輯關係;前一半BF, 是一個事實? 是一個論斷? 是一個證據? 是一個假設? 或者是一箇中間結論? 如果體會出, 是一個假設, 那麼選項中說第一部分是其他什麼的, 就被排除了。 沒有什麼必殺選項只有理解文章纔可以。
2)時間不充裕:
** 比較文章看是否相關,是不是兩句話都在討論一件事情;
** 注意標誌詞:
a. However前面就是作者challenge,disagree,call into question的東西,後面就是作者support的東西,可能是全文的conclusion, position等等;
b. Since, Because是原因,選項中常出現 evidence,explanation, based,consideration等詞。
c. , should be 是一種判斷的依據, 選項中常出現 judgement 等詞;
d. Therefore, argue that... 就肯定是conclusion了;
e. it shows等等是例證,選項中常出現 d ... finding,in support of, evidence 等詞;
4. 黑體字複習方法:
1)熟讀概念銘記於心;邏輯題目充當成分概念的題目;
2)熟悉標誌詞和轉折詞,把握住出題方向;
3)認真理解每一句話,BF題目讀懂了,就一定能做對了;
相關文章
-
GMAT不同邏輯題型解題方法
作爲考察思維能力更甚於解題技巧的題型,GMAT邏輯CR常被許多考生認爲是最燒腦的題型。而習慣了題海戰術缺乏總結方法規律的能力正是邏輯難這一觀點形成的主要原因。想要做好GMAT邏輯,考生就應該重視對解題方法和規律的總 -
2016年GMAT邏輯做題方法
GMAT邏輯是GAMT考試的一大難點,很多對GMAT邏輯試題都犯愁,如果大家掌握了GMAT邏輯的做題方法,是不是在做GMAT邏輯題時就是會輕鬆很多呢?今天就來教大家GMAT邏輯的做題方法,讓大家更加輕鬆面對GMAT邏輯。以下就是做GMAT邏 -
GRE閱讀的邏輯題和GMAT的邏輯題相似之處
GRE考試中,新GRE閱讀中的邏輯題型和GMAT中的邏輯單題有很多相似之處。這類題型的數目不多,但是卻包含了一些必要的邏輯推理知識,主要考察考生的邏輯推理能力。GRE閱讀理解邏輯題三大出題原則有:1、不需要專業的'背景知識 -
GMAT邏輯推理複習建議
早就聽說臨海人民又完成了一項偉大的工程,那就是在靈江大橋和二橋中間並列了一座新的臨海大橋。今晚終於有幸目睹了它的廬山真面目。伴着習習的涼風,我慢慢地登上了臨海大橋,上坡有點陡,但是走起來也不是很累。馬路很寬,是 -
2017gmat邏輯複習建議
gmat邏輯怎麼複習呢?爲了幫助同學們順利展開gmat邏輯複習工作,在今天的文章中,小編將與大家分享一些小的建議,相信在這些提議的幫助下,各位一定可以離gmat邏輯高分越來越近!話不多說,精彩內容正在等你哦! gmat邏輯怎麼 -
GMAT數學邏輯練習題
一塊布做的小包包……o(≧▽≦)ツ┏━┓拍桌狂笑主要材料:自選布包邊布所需工具:剪刀針線包袋扣拉鍊製作步驟:第1步:我自己畫的不好哈~\(≧▽≦)/~啦啦啦第2步:裁剪第3步:第4步:收皺,四個哦第5步:好了第6步:上拉鍊第7步:壓邊條, -
GMAT寫作邏輯因果聯繫的方法
爲了讓大家能夠更好的學習GMAT的寫作方法,就需要大家對邏輯方面的知識有一定的掌握,下面小編就爲大家整理了GMAT寫作邏輯因果聯繫的方法,希望能幫到大家!更多內容請及時關注我們應屆畢業生考試網!例:An investigation mus -
GMAT邏輯題練習及答案
每一發奮努力的背後,必有加倍的賞賜。以下是小編爲大家搜索整理的GMAT邏輯題練習及答案,希望能給大家帶來幫助!更多精彩內容請持續關注我們應屆畢業生考試網! GMAT邏輯真題題目一: 【邏輯】Plant scientists have -
GMAT備考:邏輯詞彙的背誦方法
本文爲大家分享GMAT考試中邏輯詞彙的背誦方法,請大家認真閱讀,希望可以幫助到你們。我們知道記憶是有其客觀規律的,掌握了規律,那麼我們就可以讓記憶更好地爲們服務。記憶,簡而言之,是外界刺激在大腦皮層形成的興奮點。那麼 -
GMAT邏輯衝刺高分6套複習教材介紹
尊敬的校團委:我是實驗中學九年級(x)班的小舟,我熱愛運動,性格開朗,對音樂和朗誦都比較感興趣,並在xx年通過了鋼琴十級考試,xx年1月獲得全國青少年才藝展演大賽江蘇賽區選拔賽鋼琴演奏10~12歲(b)組金獎。在學習上,我是一名有理