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Questions 36 to 45 are based on the following passage.
When studying human talent, the temptation is usually to concentrate on the upper reaches. Understandably so: we all admire the Einsteins and Mozarts of this world and 36 to imitate them.
In comparison, studying the opposite end of the spectrum might seem pointless, patronizing(擺出恩賜態度的)or downright tasteless. Lack of intelligence is shameful enough without treating people like lab rats.
Yet it often takes a different viewpoint to find new insights into an old problem. Stupidity is too important and interesting to ignore. The science of stupidity is producing results that 37 our concepts of intelligence and that should be humbling for many of the smart people who run the world.
It turns out that a tendency for entertaining 38 , foolish or illogical ideas is not necessarily the result of a low IQ. This measure of intelligence is largely 39 of rationality. Just because you score on the high end of one scale doesn't mean that you won't fall at the bottom of the other.
Importantly, no one is 40 to the biases that lead to stupid decisions. Yet our respect for IQ and education means that it is easy to rest on the laure/s (桂冠) of our qualifications and assume that we are, by definition, not stupid.
That can be 41 on a personal level: regardless of IQ, people who score badly on rationality tests are more likely to have unplanned pregnancies or fall into serious debt.
Large scale stupidity is even more damaging. Business cultures that 42 encourage it, for example,may have contributed to the economic crisis. Indeed, the effects may have been so damaging precisely because banks assumed that intelligent people act logically while at the same time rewarding rash behavior based on intuition rather than 43 . As one researcher puts it: "The more intelligent someone is, the more disastrous the results of their stupidity". The same surely applies to politicians: the tenth anniversary of the
invasion of Iraq serves as a 44 that clever people can do monumentally stupid things.
If we want to avoid making similar mistakes in the future, everybody--especially the most intelligent and powerful--would do well to humbly 45 their own weaknesses. To quote Oscar Wilde: "There is no sin except stupidity. "
A)acknowledge
B)aspire
C)challenge
D)commemorate
E)damaging
F)deliberation
G)immune
H)inadvertently
I) independent
J)negligible
K)nomination
M)rash
N)recipient
L) perpetually
O)reminder
36.
37.
38.
39.
40.
41.
42.
43.
44.
45.
