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l 答案及題目解析
Key:
1.B 2.A 3.C 4.C 5.A 6.B 7.D 8.D 9.B10.C 11.D 12.B 13-14.125
題目解析：
1. In paragraph 1, what does the author say about the presence of a blowhole in cetaceans?
(Factual Information Question)
clearly indicates that cetaceans are mammals.
cannot conceal the fact that cetaceans are mammals.
is the main difference between cetaceans and land-dwelling mammals.
cannot yield clues about the origins of cetaceans.
相關原句：
Their streamlined bodies, the absence of hind legs, and the presence of
a fluke and blowhole cannot disguise their affinities with land dwelling mammals.(Paragraph 1)
本題解析：
cannot disguise…意爲“不能掩蓋…”，因此 “the presence of blowhole cannot disguise their affinities with land dwelling mammals”意思是“具有blowhol(出氣孔)並不能掩蓋這一事實：鯨類動物和陸棲哺乳動物有姻親關係(affinities)”;B選項中cannot concea(不能隱藏)l恰好與 cannot disguise相吻合，並指出鯨類動物是哺乳動物的事實，因此選擇B。
正確答案：
B
2. Which of the following can be inferred from paragraph 1 about early sea otters?(Inference Question)
is not difficult to imagine what they looked like
e were great numbers of them.
lived in the sea only.
did not leave many fossil remains.
相關原句：
However, unlike the cases of sea otters and pinnipeds (seals, sea lions and walruses whose limbs are functional both on land and at sea),
it is not easy to envision what the first whales looked like. (Paragraph 1)
本題解析：
unlike意爲“與…不同”，it is not easy to envision意爲“不容易設想…”。本句爲轉折，即“與海獺(sea otters)不同，人們很難想象最初鯨類的樣貌”，因此邏輯取非得出“sea otters的樣貌不難想象”，選擇A。
正確答案：
A
3. The word precious in the passage is closest in meaning to (Vocabulary Question)
t
ce
able
ial
相關原句：
Although limited to a skull, the Pakicetus fossil provides precious details on the origins of cetaceans.(Paragraph 3)
本題解析：
precious意爲“珍貴的，有價值的”，後文種種由該化石得出的科研結論也表明P化石極有科學價值，與valuable同意。因此選擇C。
正確答案：
C
4. Pakicetus and modern cetaceans have similar(Factual Information Question)
ing structures
tations for diving
l shapes
ding locations
相關原句：
The fossil consists of a complete skull of an archaeocyte, an extinct group of ancestors of modern cetaceans. (Paragraph 3)
本題解析：
根據原句得出P化石與現代鯨類的祖先(archaeocyte)擁有同樣的'完整頭骨(a complete skull)，可推出P與現代鯨類頭骨應該類似。因此選擇C。
此題亦可用排除法：
A. “The skull is cetacean-like but
its jawbones lack the enlarged space
that is filled with fat or oil and used for receiving underwater sound in modern whales. Pakicetus probably detected sound through the ear opening as in land mammals.”該句指出P化石的顎骨(jawbones)缺少鯨類動物擁有的由脂肪和油脂填充的擴充性空間(enlarged space
that is…)，聽力構造不同，並猜測它應該通過耳孔(the ear opening)接受聲音，排除A。
B. “The skull also lacks a blowhole, another cetacean adaptation for diving.”該句明確指出P頭骨缺少出氣孔(blowhole)，同鯨類潛水構造不同，排除B。
probably bred and gave birth on land.關於P在何處繁殖尚無定論，文章猜測(probably)在陸地(give birth on land)，排除D。
正確答案：
C
5. The word it in the passage refers to(Reference Question)
cetus
n
相關原句：
It has been suggested that Pakicetus fed on fish in shallow water and was not yet adapted for life in the open ocean. It probably bred and gave birth on land. (Paragraph 3)
本題解析：
科學家猜測Pakicetus可能靠淺水區魚類爲食並尚未適應海洋生活，由此得出“很可能在陸地繁殖”的主體“it”正是指Pakicetus。因此選A。
正確答案：
A
6. The word exposed in the passage is closest in meaning to (Vocabulary Question)
ained
ble
tified
ted
相關原句：
Basilosaurus, were found in sediments left by the Tethys Sea and now exposed in the Sahara desert.( Paragraph 4)
本題解析：
原句中“left by the Tethys Sea”修飾sediments(沉積物),即B骨架發現於T海遺留的沉積物中;exposed則意爲“暴露在”，相當於uncovered，A skeleton that is uncovered can be seen, Visible就相當於can be seen.
正確答案：
B
7. The hind leg of Basilosaurus was a significant find because it showed that Basilosaurus(Factual Information Question)
d later than Ambulocetus natans
d at the same time as Pakicetus
able to swim well
d not have walked on land
相關原句：
Many incomplete skeletons were found but they included, for the first time in an archaeocyte, a complete hind leg that features a foot with three tiny toes. Such legs would have been far too small to have supported the 50-foot-long Basilosaurus on land. Basilosaurus was undoubtedly a fully marine whale with possibly nonfunctional, or vestigial, hind legs. ( Paragraph 4)
