託福由四部分組成，分別是Reading、Listening、Speaking以及Writing。每個單項滿分30分，總分120分。爲了幫助同學們更好地備考託福閱讀考試，以下是yjbys網小編整理的關於託福閱讀插入句子題答題技巧，供大家備考。
這種題長這樣：
Paragraph 8: Much of the water in a sample of water-saturated sediment or rock will drain from it if the sample is put in a suitable dry place. █But some will remain, clinging to all solid surfaces. █It is held there by the force of surface tension without which water would drain instantly from any wet surface, leaving it totally dry. █The total volume of water in the saturated sample must therefore be thought of as consisting of water that can, and water that cannot, drain away. █
13. Look at the four squares [█] that indicate where the following sentence could be added to the passage.
What, then, determines what proportion of the water stays and what proportion drains away?
Where would the sentence best fit?
怎麼做插入句子題?
題目給出的句子(後文直接稱之爲“插入句”)能被放入其中一個位置的原因，就是這個句子與正確位置的前後文存在着某種語義上的聯繫。在閱讀原文之前，若能根據一些信息詞找出這種聯繫，並且推測前後文的信息，則我們在找答案的時候就會更準確。
做插入句子題時的步驟應該是醬紫的：
1)仔細閱讀插入句，準確理解句意
2)根據句內信息詞，推斷插入位置前或後可能出現的內容
3)尋找複合推測的位置
4)將句子放入，講插入句及前後兩句話連起來通讀一遍，檢驗是否流暢邏輯嚴謹、語意流暢
3. 信息詞是啥?如何根據這類詞推測?
插入句子題中出現的信息詞分兩類：1. 代詞;2. 邏輯詞
1)指代詞
這裏的指代詞指的是：1. 代詞;2. 定冠詞the+名詞所組成詞。
代詞(Pronoun)是代替名詞或一句話的一種詞類。the+名詞的結構，在文中有時會起指代前文的作用。大部分出現指代詞的插入句子題非常簡單。
當題目的句子中出現指代詞，插入位置前面必然會提到其指代的內容。這個時候，若我們能根據代詞的種類、指代詞的詞義和插入句的句意推斷出指代的具體內容，那麼只需要將插入句放入出現該內容的句子之後的位置，即可滿足指代關係，得到答案
# 情況1
如果四個位置中，只有一個位置前面出現句中指代詞的指代對象，則這個位置就是我們的正確答案。
例題如下：
At times, it is actually possible to watch the effects of natural selection in host-parasite relationships. For example, Australia during the 1940 s was overrun by hundreds of millions of European rabbits. █ The rabbits destroyed huge expanses of Australia and threatened the sheep and cattle industries. █ In 1950, myxoma virus, a parasite that affects rabbits, was deliberately introduced into Australia to control the rabbit population. █ Spread rapidly by mosquitoes, the virus devastated the rabbit population. █ The virus was less deadly to the offspring of surviving rabbits, however, and it caused less and less harm over the years. Apparently, genotypes (the genetic make-up of an organism) in the rabbit population were selected that were better able to resist the parasite. Meanwhile, the deadliest strains of the virus perished with their hosts as natural selection favored strains that could infect hosts but not kill them. Thus, natural selection stabilized this host-parasite relationship.
This massive population began a century earlier as a mere twelve pairs of imported rabbits that reproduced quickly and developed into a major problem.
句中出現代詞“this massive population”，這巨大的羣體數量來自於“twelve pairs of imported rabbits”，則插入位置前面必然提到巨大的兔羣數量。
只有第一個位置前面的句子提到“hundreds of millions of European rabbits”，可以構成指代的對象。所以A就是妥妥的正確答案。
# 情況2(較少出現)
如果四個位置中有多個位置的前面存在着“可能成爲”指代詞的指代對象的信息，那麼往往只有其中一個內容能夠符合指代詞的“特性”。
例題如下：
While some European countries, such as England and Germany, began to industrialize in the eighteenth century, the Netherlands and the Scandinavian countries of Denmark, Norway, and Sweden developed later. █ All four of these countries lagged considerably behind in the early nineteenth century. █ However, they industrialized rapidly in the second half of the century, especially in the last two or three decades. █ In view of their later start and their lack of coal—undoubtedly the main reason they were not among the early industrializers—it is important to understand the sources of their success. █
During this period, Sweden had the highest rate of growth of output per capita of any country in Europe, and Denmark was second.
句中出現代詞“this period”，插入位置前面必然提到某一個時期。同時，我們還要注意，句子還提到，這個時期裏Sweden和Denmark經濟發展特別好。
原文前三個位置之前的句子都提到了時期，分別是18世紀、19世紀上半葉和19世紀下半葉。然而前兩句話所說的時期中，Sweden和Denmark都是處在落後的位置。而第三句話however轉折之後的信息提到，19世紀下半葉，尤其是最後二三十年，它們(指的是Netherlands、Denmark、Norway和Sweden)發展特別快。也就是說，19世紀下半葉纔是插入句中this period指代的內容，前兩個時期都不能複合指代內容的特性。所以C是正確答案。
# 情況3
有些插入句由於代詞性質比較特殊，又或對於代詞的描述信息較少，故無法直接準確的推測出代詞所指的內容，只能得到一個大概的方向。此時需要結合原文句意，逐個位置確認和排除。
例題如下：
The harsh conditions in deserts are intolerable for most plants and animals. Despite these conditions, however, many varieties of plants and animals have adapted to deserts in a number of ways. Most plant tissues die if their water content falls too low: the nutrients that feed plants are transmitted by water; water is a raw material in the vital process of photosynthesis; and water regulates the temperature of a plant by its ability to absorb heat and because water vapor lost to the atmosphere through the leaves helps to lower plant temperatures. █Water controls the volume of plant matter produced. █The distribution of plants within different areas of desert is also controlled by water. █Some areas, because of their soil texture, topographical position, or distance from rivers or groundwater, have virtually no water available to plants, whereas others do.█
For this reason, the total amount of plant material in a desert is often 100 times less than the amount of plant material in an equivalent area of temperate forest.
句中出現“for this reason”，前文所提到的信息導致“相同面積下，desert中的the total amount of plant material比temperate forest中的the total amount of plant material低100倍”。此時並不能直接得出this reason所指信息具體內容，但可知，該reason爲插入句的原因，正確位置必然能滿足這個因果關係。
找到1、2位置之間的句子“Water controls the volume of plant matter produced.”。其中the volume of plant matter和the total amount of plant material意思相同，其次由於water的.控制作用，確實會導致兩個水量不同的地區(desert和forest)產生差別，前後邏輯非常嚴謹，所以B是正確答案。
2)邏輯詞
邏輯詞僅僅是爲了簡(zhuang)潔(bi)而起的一個名字，指的是能夠表示句間邏輯關係的那些詞，如however、but、therefore、also、then等等。
出現這些邏輯詞的時候，代表着插入句的句意和其前句或後句在信息上存在着某種邏輯關係。根據找到的邏輯關係，結合插入句的句意，可以大致推測一下前文或後文的句意，以此作爲尋找正確答案的指向性信息。
例題1
Less colorful birds and animals that inhabit the rain forest tend to rely on forms of signaling other than the visual, particularly over long distances. █ The piercing cries of the rhinoceros hornbill characterize the Southeast Asian rain forest, as do the unmistakable calls of the gibbons. █ In densely wooded environments, sound is the best means of communication over distance because in comparison with light, it travels with little impediment from trees and other vegetation. █ In forests, visual signals can be seen only at short distances, where they are not obstructed by trees. █ The male riflebird exploits both of these modes of signaling simultaneously in his courtship display. The sounds made as each wing is opened carry extremely well over distance and advertise his presence widely. The ritualized visual display communicates in close quarters when a female has approached.
There is also the long, rather terrifying call of the male orangutan, which carries over considerable distances to advertise his presence.
句中出現“also”，根據句意，可以推測正確位置之前至少會提到與動物相關的某種特性，所以纔會緊跟插入句所說的“also有雄性O動物的call”。發現第二個位置前面提到rhinoceros hornbill的叫聲cries和gibbons的喊聲calls，那麼把插入句放到第二個位置，起到了進一步舉例說明的作用，滿足了also的關係，前後邏輯嚴謹。
例題2
Paragraph 1: Of all the physiological differences in human sleep compared with wakefulness that have been discovered in the last decade, changes in respiratory control are most dramatic. Not only are there differences in the level of the functioning of respiratory systems, there are even changes in how they function. Movements of the rib cage for breathing are reduced during sleep, making the contractions of the diaphragm more important. █ Yet because of the physics of lying down, the stomach applies weight against the diaphragm and makes it more difficult for the diaphragm to do its job. █ However, there are many other changes that affect respiration when asleep.
Paragraph 2: █ During wakefulness, breathing is controlled by two interacting systems. █The first is an automatic, metabolic system whose control is centered in the brain stem. It subconsciously adjusts breathing rate and depth in order to regulate the levels of carbon dioxide (CO2) and oxygen (O2), and the acid-base ratio in the blood. The second system is the voluntary, behavioral system. Its control center is based in the forebrain, and it regulates breathing for use in speech, singing, sighing, and so on. It is capable of ignoring or overriding the automatic, metabolic system and produces an irregular pattern of breathing.
To better understand breathing during sleep, it is, however, helpful to first understand how respiration works in general.
題目出現however，表示本句爲轉折句。轉折句出現表示前後文應該出現論述重點的不同，較多出現的情況爲後文反駁前文，較少出現的情況也會表示後文開始論述與前文不完全相同的另一個內容。
根據插入句的句意“然而，爲了更好理解睡眠中的呼吸，先搞清楚平時是如何呼吸是很有幫助的”，可以推斷出本句具有明顯的承上啓下的作用，承接上文論述的“睡眠中的呼吸”，引起下文所述的“平時是如何呼吸的”。根據推斷尋找後，發現C位置符合承上啓下的關係，即爲正確答案。
3)信息的重複
還有一些插入句，既不包含指代詞，也不包含邏輯詞。但這類插入句的難度其實並不大。
和所有插入句相同，不包含信息詞的插入句也和正確位置的前句或後句存在語義上的聯繫，這個聯繫就是信息的重複。當我們找到原文某一個句子，所述內容與插入句內容相關時，再來判斷應該把插入句放在這個句子的前面還是後面，就能得到答案了。
看一道例題會更清楚。
Paragraph 3: It used to be believed that before 3000 B.C.E. the political and economic life of the cities was centered on their temples, but it now seems probable that the cities had secular rulers from earliest times. █Within the city lived administrators, craftspeople, and merchants. (Trading was important, as so many raw materials, the semiprecious stones for the decoration of the temples, timbers for roofs, and all metals, had to be imported.) █An increasingly sophisticated system of administration led in about 3300 B.C.E. to the appearance of writing. █The earliest script was based on logograms, with a symbol being used to express a whole word. █The logograms were incised on damp clay tablets with a stylus with a wedge shape at its end. (The Romans called the shape cuneus and this gives the script its name of cuneiform.) Two thousand logograms have been recorded from these early centuries of writing. A more economical approach was to use a sign to express not a whole word but a single syllable. (To take an example: the Sumerian word for " head” was “sag.” Whenever a word including a syllable in which the sound “sag” was to be written, the sign for “sag" could be used to express that syllable with the remaining syllables of the word expressed by other signs.) By 2300 B.C.E. the number of signs required had been reduced to 600, and the range of words that could be expressed had widened. Texts dealing with economic matters predominated, as they always had done; but at this point works of theology, literature, history, and law also appeared.
City life was diverse, and the population was engaged in a variety of occupations.
插入句並沒有指代詞和邏輯詞出現，只表達了句意“城市裏有着多種多樣的生活和工作”。這個時候，我們直接回原文，尋找哪個句子提到或圍繞“城市裏的生活和工作”進行論述。發現原文第二句話“Within the city lived administrators, craftspeople, and merchants.”，其實就是具體的闡述city裏的工作都有什麼，人們都幹嘛，與插入句句意是重複的。且前面一句話最後提到了secular，暗指的其實就是日常生活和工作。所以A是最合適的位置。
前一句話先表達出“除了政治經濟和宗教活動，cities還有很多日常活動”，緊接着後兩句話先總述“城市中的(日常)生活和工作是多種多樣的”，之後再非常具體的舉例描述都存在什麼樣的工作和生活，前後邏輯非常吻合，語意流暢。
4)綜合
Another flaw of the tiredness theory is that yawning does not raise alertness or physiological activity, as the theory would predict. When researchers measured the heart rate, muscle tension and skin conductance of people before, during and after yawning, they did detect some changes in skin conductance following yawning, indicating a slight increase in physiological activity. However, similar changes occurred when the subjects were asked simply to open their mouths or to breathe deeply. Yawning did nothing special to their state of physiological activity. Experiments have also cast serious doubt on the belief that yawning is triggered by a drop in blood oxygen or a rise in blood carbon dioxide. █Volunteers were told to think about yawning while they breathed either normal air, pure oxygen, or an air mixture with an above-normal level of carbon dioxide. █If the theory was correct, breathing air with extra carbon dioxide should have triggered yawning, while breathing pure oxygen should have suppressed yawning. █In fact, neither condition made any difference to the frequency of yawning, which remained constant at about 24 yawns per hour. █Another experiment demonstrated that physical exercise, which was sufficiently vigorous to double the rate of breathing, had no effect on the frequency of yawning Again the implication is that yawning has little or nothing to do with oxygen.
This, however, was not the case
本句既出現代詞“this”也出現邏輯詞“however”，不過this指代內容比較模糊。可以推測出，前面提到的句意，在插入句中得到了否定(not the case)。其次，根據however存在的轉折和承上啓下的關係，後文非常有可能展開論述this指代內容爲何不是真實情況(not the case)。結合推測，找到C位置的前後，符合這個關係。前一句話說“如果理論正確，則呼吸二氧化碳多會導致打哈欠增多，呼吸氧氣多會減少打哈欠”，後一句話表示“真實情況是(in fact)，不管是二氧化碳還是氧氣，打哈欠的頻率都是相同的”，所以後一句話就是通過描述真實情況，而對前一句理論所推測和估計的情況起到反駁的作用。
4. 記得帶進去檢驗哈
檢驗指的是前文做題步驟中的第四步：將句子放入，講插入句及前後兩句話連起來通讀一遍，檢驗是否流暢邏輯嚴謹、語意流暢。
這個步驟必不可少，來看一道例題。
Paragraph 1: It has long been accepted that the Americas were colonized by a migration of peoples from Asia, slowly traveling across a land bridge called Beringia (now the Bering Strait between northeastern Asia and Alaska) during the last Ice Age. █The first water craft theory about the migration was that around 11,000-12,000 years ago there was an ice-free corridor stretching from eastern Beringia to the areas of North America south of the great northern glaciers. It was the midcontinental corridor between two massive ice sheets-the Laurentide to the west-that enabled the southward migration. █But belief in this ice-free corridor began to crumble when paleoecologist Glen MacDonald demonstrated that some of the most important radiocarbon dates used to support the existence of an ice-free corridor were incorrect. █He persuasively argued that such an ice-free corridor did not exist until much later, when the continental ice began its final retreat. █
Moreover, other evidence suggests that even if an ice-free corridor did exist, it would have lacked the resources needed for human colonization.
本句出現“moreover”，表示插入句和前文是遞進關係，表示進一步的論述。後面出現“other evidence”，指出前面應該有某些evidence。句中出現even if的讓步關係，再結合句意“此外，其他證據表明，即使無冰走廊確實存在，它也會缺乏人類居住所必須的資源”，可以推測出，前文的evidence應該是在論證“ice-free corridor”不存在，這裏纔會遞進+讓步，表示“即使存在，也…”的句意。根據這個推測發現C位置前面一句話指出：Glen Macdonald證明支持“ice-free corridor”存在的信息其實是錯誤的。也就是在暗示“ice-free corridor”不存在，能夠和插入句緊密連接。
但萬萬沒有想到的是，C位置後面依舊在論述這種corridor不存在：他非常有力地指出，這種無冰走廊直到之後的時期纔出現。並且此句中開頭第一個單詞就是“he”，指代的是前句所論述的Glen Macdonald，而插入句卻並沒有能夠滿足he這個指代的內容。所以，插入句應該放在D位置，待本段最後兩句話把corridor不存在的事情講完，再出現“moreover”進行遞進。
這個題目告訴我們，不僅需要確認某個位置的前文與插入句緊密連接，還要往後看一句，確保萬無一失。
以上內容已將插入句子題幾乎所有情況都進行了論述，並且介紹了針對的解題思路，各位好好消化和吸收哦!
