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Passage 3
Questions 11 to 15 are based on the following passage.
Do you find getting up in the morning so difficult that it’s painful? This might be called laziness, but Dr. Kleitman has a new explanation. He has proved everyone has a daily energy cycle.
During the hours when you labor through your work you may say that you’re "hot. "That’s true. The time of day when you feel most energetic is when your cycle of body tem-perature is at its peak (頂峯). For some people, the peak comes during the forenoon. For others it comes in the afternoon or evening. No one has discovered why this is so, but it leads to such familiar monologues (自言自語) as: "Get up, John. You’ll be late for work again. " The possible explanation to the trouble is that John is at his temperature-an-ener-gy peak in the evening. (80) Much family quarrelling ends when husbands and wives real-ize what these energy cycles mean and which cycle each member of the family has.
You can’t change your energy cycle, but you can learn to make your life fit it better. Dr. Kleitman believes that habit can help. Maybe you’re sleepy in the evening but feel you must stay up late anyway. Counteract (對抗) your cycle to some extent by habitually stay-ing up later than you want. If your energy is low in the morning but you have an important job to do early in the day, rise before your usual hour. This won’t change your cycle, but you’ll get up steam (振作精神) and work better at your low point.
Get off to a slow start which saves your energy. Get up with a leisurely yawn (打哈欠) and stretch. Sit on the edge of the bed a minute before putting your feet on the floor. Avoid the troublesome search for clean clothes by laying them out the night before. When-ever possible, do routine work in the afternoon and save tasks requiring more energy or concentration for your sharper hours.
11.
According to the writer, if a person finds getting up early a problem, most proba-bly ______.
A he refuses to follow his own energy cycle
B he is a lazy person
C he is not sure when his energy is low
D he is at his peak in the afternoon or evening
答案:D
這道題考查考生對文章觀點的'整體把握，由第一段可知，K1eitman博士對早晨起牀困難的原因有了新的解釋，他認爲每個人都有自己的生物鐘，而不是像人們通常所認爲的那樣。
12.
Which of the following is true according to the passage?
A Man’s energy cycle can be changed easily.
B Some family quarrels are caused by unawareness of energy cycle.
C Getting up early in the morning is not easy.
D Everyone has a daily energy cycle but a lazy on
答案:B
由第二段最後一句Much family quarrelling ends when husbands and wives realize what these energy cycles mean and which cycle each member of the family has可知，在很多家庭裏，當丈夫和妻子意識到生物鐘在生活中所起的作用時，就會停止爭吵。
13.
If one wants to work more efficiently at his low point in the morning, he should______.
A change his own energy cycle
B go to bed earlier
C get up earlier than usual
D overcome his laziness
答案:C
由第三段If your energy is low in the morning but you have an impor-tant job to do early in the day，rise before your usual hour可知，如果你在早晨容易精神不振，而恰好又在此時有重要的工作，那麼就要起得比往常早些，故選C。
14.
You are advised to rise with a yawn and stretch because it will ______.
A help you to keep your energy for the day’s work
B help you to control your temper early in the day
C enable you to concentrate on your routine work
D keep your energy cycle under control all day
答案:A
由第四段Get off to a slow start which saves your up with a leisurely yawn(打哈欠)and stretch可知，起牀慢一些會幫助你節省精力，故選15.
Which of the following statements is NOT true?
A Getting off to work with a minimum effort helps save one’s energy.
B Dr. Kleitman doesn’t explain why people reach their peaks at different hours of the day.
C Habit helps one adapt to his own energy cycle.
D Children have energy cycles, too.
答案:A
有最後一段可知，爲了保持精力，應在工作方法或工作時間上作適當的調節，而並非以極小的努力來對待工作。
