Try to think in English whenever possible. When you see something think of the English word of it; then think about the word in a sentence.以下是小編爲大家搜索整理的全國英語專八考試TEM閱讀考試題訓練，希望能給大家帶來幫助!更多精彩內容請及時關注我們應屆畢業生考試網!
Personality is to a large extent inherent -- A-type parents usually bring about A-type offspring. But the environment must also have a profound effect, since if competition is important to the parents, it is likely to become a major factor in the lives of their children.
One place where children soak up A-characteristics is school, which is, by its very nature, a highly competitive institution. Too many schools adopt the ‘win at all costs’ moral standard and measure their success by sporting achievements. The current passion for making children compete against their classmates or against the clock produces a two-layer system, in which competitive A-types seem in some way better than their B-type fellows. Being too keen to win can have dangerous consequences: remember that Pheidippides, the first marathon runner, dropped dead seconds after saying: “Rejoice, we conquer!”
By far the worst form of competition in schools is the disproportionate emphasis on examinations. It is a rare school that allows pupils to concentrate on those things they do well. The merits of competition by examination are somewhat questionable, but competition in the certain knowledge of failure is positively harmful.
Obviously, it is neither practical nor desirable that all A-youngsters change into B’s. The world needs A types, and schools have an important duty to try to fit a child’s personality to his possible future employment. It is top management.
If the preoccupation of schools with academic work was lessened, more time might be spent teaching children surer values. Perhaps selection for the caring professions, especially medicine, could be made less by good grades in chemistry and more by such considerations as sensitivity and sympathy. It is surely a mistake to choose our doctors exclusively from A-type stock. B’s are important and should be encouraged.
習題
1. According to the passage, A-type individuals are usually ________.
[A] impatient
[B] considerate
[C] aggressive
[D] agreeable
2. The author is strongly opposed to the practice of examinations at schools because ________.
[A] the pressure is too great on the students
[B] some students are bound to fail
[C] failure rates are too high
[D] the results of exanimations are doubtful
3. The selection of medical professionals is currently based on ________.
[A] candidates’ sensitivity
[B] academic achievements
[C] competitive spirit
[D] surer values
4. From the passage we can draw the conclusion that ________.
[A] the personality of a child is well established at birth
[B] family influence dominates the shaping of one’s characteristics
[C] the development of one’s personality is due to multiple factors
[D] B-type characteristics can find no place in competitive society
全文翻譯
人的個性很大程度上取決於遺傳—A型父母通常生養出A型子女。但是環境也應該有深遠的影響，因爲如果競爭對父母來說很重要，那它也可能成爲孩子生活中的一個重要因素。
學校是培養A型孩子的場所，從本質來講，學校是一個高度競爭性的機構。太多的學校遵從“不惜一切代價求勝”的道德標準並以運動成績來衡量其成功。目前熱衷於讓孩子與同學競爭或與時間賽跑造成了一種雙重體制。在這種體制中，競爭性的A型學生在某些方面似乎比B型的學生要好。對勝利過於執着也會帶來危險的後果。請記住，第一位馬拉松運動員菲底庇德斯在說完“歡慶吧，我們征服了!”之後幾秒鐘便倒地喪生。
學校最糟糕的競爭方式是對考試的過分重視。能允許學生專注於所擅長之事的學校實爲罕見。通過考試競爭這種做法的好處本身有點值得懷疑，但在明確知曉有人會在考試中失敗的前提下仍進行競爭是肯定有害的。
顯然，讓所有A型兒童都轉變爲B型既不現實也並不必要。世界需要不同的類型，學校的重要職責就是要努力使兒童的個性適合於他將來的職業。這是最高水平的教育經營。
如果學校少強調一下學業，也許就有更多的時間向孩子傳授更重要的價值觀念。也許對照料性職業的人員選擇，尤其是醫務工作，可以少參照他們的'化學成績，而要更多地考慮他們的敏感性和同情心。完全從A型人中挑選醫生肯定是錯誤的。B型人也很重要，應該受到鼓勵。
重點句
Too many schools adopt the “win at all costs” moral standard and measure their success by sporting achievements.
該句意義：
該句直接抨擊了學習以成就去估量一個人是否成功(measure the success by sporting achievements)、以成敗論英雄的社會必然造就很多“不惜一切代價獲取成功”(win at all costs)的人的這一事實，可以引申該內容與社會競爭中的不擇手段和毫無道德相聯繫。在考研寫作中，我們可以完全參照寫出相應的句子。比如：Too many people adopt the “win at all costs” moral standard and measure their success by sporting achievements.
習題答案
答案:CBBC
rding to the passage, A-type individuals are usually__.
1.根據這篇文章，A型性格的人通常是_________________。
[A] impatient
[A] 缺乏耐心的
[B] considerate
[B] 體貼人的
[C] aggressive
[C] 好鬥的、積極進取的
[D] agreeable
[D] 和藹的、易相處的
author is strongly opposed to the practice of examinations at schools because__.
2. 作者強烈反對學校中的考試製度，因爲______。
[A] the pressure is too great on the students
[A] 它給學生造成的壓力過大
[B] some students are bound to fail
[B] 一些學生肯定通不過
[C] failure rates are too high
[C] 不及格率過高
[D] the results of exanimations are doubtful
[D] 考試成績值得懷疑
selection of medical professionals are currently based on__.
3.當前選用醫療護理人員的標準是___________。
[A] candidates’ sensitivity
[A] 申請者的敏感程度
[B] academic achievements
[B] 學業成績
[C] competitive spirit
[C] 競爭精神
[D] surer values
[D] 更可靠的價值
the passage we can draw the conclusion that__.
4.我們可以從文章中得出的結論是______________。
[A] the personality of a child is well established at birth
[A] 兒童的個性在出生時就已確立
[B] family influence dominates the shaping of one' s characteristics .
[B] 家庭的影響對人性格特徵的形成起主導作用
[C] the development of one' s personality is due to multiple factors
[C] 人的性格發展取決於多種因素
[D] B-type characteristics can find no place in competitive society
[D] 在競爭的社會中，B型性格的人不能找到其位置
