託福閱讀:實用的生詞處理技巧

一、託福閱讀考試 利用上下文線索猜測詞義

託福閱讀:實用的生詞處理技巧

1、根據同義、反義關係猜詞

Today' s teenagers seem to be more liberal in their ideas than their _______ grandparents.

A. freethinking B. traditional C. old D. happy

traditional與liberal意思相反,故選B。

2、根據句意或段落文章的上、下文猜測詞義

Klebold and Harris felt _______ and wanted to revenge against those who disliked playing

together with them or laughed at them.

A. discouraged B. ashamed C. tired D. separated

根據下文的`disliked playing together with them判斷此處應爲"感到孤立",故選D。

 二、託福閱讀考試 利用構詞法猜測詞義(利用前、後綴及合成詞猜詞義)

1、用前、後綴猜測詞義

英語中的前綴、後綴構詞頗多,且特定的綴往往表示特定的含義,把握住這一點,可起到以不變應萬變的效果。

1)He had been overworking and fell ill at last.

overwork是由前綴over-加動詞構成,over有"超過、過於"之意,overwork意思是"工作過多,勞累過度"。再如,overburden負擔過重,overcharge要價過高,overdo做得過分。英語中常用的前綴還有:

mis-錯,誤:misfortune不幸;mislead誤導;mismanage處理不當

mid-中央:midnight半夜;midway半路

under-低於:underdone半生不熟的;underestimate低估

anti-反對:antibody抗體;anticyclone反氣旋;antifreeze防凍劑

下面劃線單詞爲常見後綴派生詞:

1)You must stop dreaming and face reality.(-ty爲名詞的標誌)

2)The country is trying to popularize education. (-ize爲及物動詞的標誌,再如realize, modernize)

2、利用合成詞猜測詞義。

Family members take turns choosing a special activity for the evening, and everyone partakes in for fun.

根據短語構成及上下文意思看,此處partakes in相當於takes part in。再如break out-outbreak(名詞爆發),set out-outset(名詞起始),come in-income(名詞收入) 。