後置定語與定語從句
英語中的後置定語往往可以分爲以下幾類,形容詞做後置定語,現在分詞做後置定語,過去分詞做後置定語,不定式作後置定語。而後置定語往往可以由定語從句演變而來,這種定語從句的關係詞往往是關係代詞在從句中充當主語。下面我們來逐一討論:
1. 現在分詞作後置定語
⑴Who is the girl dancing with your brother?(現在分詞作後置定語,表正在)可改寫成定語從句Who is the girl that is dancing with your brother? The high building being built (=which is being built)there is meant for the old without children. It is expected to be finished in a year.(正在被建)
⑵Anyone touching the wire will get a shock.可以改成定語從句Anyone who touches the wire will get a shock.
2. 過去分詞做後置定語
The jewelry (which is) worn by the Indians was made of bones.
The spaceship (which was) called Shenzhou Ⅴ, was carrying China’s first astronaut, Yang Liwei. The Indians wearing (=who wore)jewelry (which)
was) made of bones greeted them warmly.
3. 不定時作後置定語
表示未發生或即將發生的`情況如
The project (which is)to be completed next month needs more people to help.(即將完成的)
There are more pains (which are)to come.(要來的)
Children who lived closest to the Fukushima-1 Nuclear Power Station were among the first to be tested.(the first,the last之後常用不定式作定語)
4. 形容詞作後置定語
She is an American girl interested in sports.
I am a person optimistic about everything hard in life