定語從句的後置翻譯法講解

一、初識後置譯法

定語從句的後置翻譯法講解

英語中很多定語從句都是爲了連接兩個具有共同名詞的句子而存在的,因此在翻譯時最好分爲兩個分句。而對於起限定作用的定語從句,如果結構較爲複雜,句子太長,無法譯成前置定語,最好就是譯成一個後置的並列分句,這樣會更合乎漢語的習慣。

【例】

Our war against terror is a contest of will in which perseverance is power.

我們的反恐戰爭是一場意志力的較量。在這場較量中,不屈不撓的精神就是力量

I propose to offer a theory which , as far as I am aware , has not previously been set forth , that only those animals capable of speech are capable of laughter , and that therefore man, being the only animal that speaks , is the only animal that laughs.

我試圖提出一種理論,這種理論就我所知,還未曾有人提出過,那就是:只有能說話的動物纔會笑。人是唯一能說話的動物,所以也是唯一會笑的動物。

二、後置翻譯的方法

1.後置譯法一

結構較爲複雜的定語從句,經常翻譯爲後置的`並列分句,在多數情況下要重點的翻譯先行詞,當句子不長時,出於某種原因需要強調先行詞時,也需要重譯先行詞。

【例】

Two factors are particularly important in the history of inventions is the part played by inspiration , which can be far more vital than that of careful research.

在發明史上有兩個因素特別重要。其一是靈感的作用,這可能比苦心鑽研的作用要重要的多。

Days and nights are very long on the moon , where one day is as long as two weeks on the earth.

在月亮上,白天和黑天都相當長,月亮上的一天等於地球上的兩週。

2.後置譯法二

有些定語從句漢譯時翻譯成後置成分,但不可重譯先行詞,譯文仍然符合漢語習慣。

I was contemptuously dismissed as a novice who had not read the great first volume of Marx’s Capital.

他們輕蔑地說我是個新手,連馬克思的《資本論》第一卷這部重要著作也沒讀過。

Both picnics and barbeques are friendly , informal social events that offer an opportunity to enjoy a meal outside in pleasant surroundings.

野餐和燒烤都是友情洋溢、不拘禮節的社交活動,可以讓大家在戶外一個怡情的環境裏高高興興地美餐一頓。