巧學九年級定語從句

國中階段,定語從句可以說是一個難點。陝西會考對於定語從句的考察主要在關係代詞的應用上,比較簡單,但是學好定語從句能夠幫助我們更好的去理解文章,尤其是出現長難句時。本期我們就來看看定語從句的用法。

巧學九年級定語從句

 一、定義

修飾名詞或代詞的`句子叫做定語從句

二、基本概念

【先行詞】:被定語從句修飾的詞叫先行詞。

【關係詞】:引導定語從句的詞叫關係詞。

關係詞在定語從句中的作用

連接作用:連接先行詞和定語從句。

替代作用:在定語從句中替代從句所修飾的先行詞。因此當我們要判斷關係詞在從句中的成分時,只需要把先行詞帶入從句即可。(因此當關系代詞在定語從句中做主語時,謂語動詞應與先行詞的人稱和數保持一致)

成分作用:在定語從句中作主語、賓語、定語或狀語。

 三、用法

關係代詞的用法

who指人,在定語從句中做主語。

What was the name ofthe manwholent you the money?

借錢給你的那人叫什麼名字?

在口語或非正式文體中,“who”也可在從句中做賓語。

The musicianwhothey are talking about is very famous.

whom指人,在定語從句中做賓語。

The peoplewhomI work with are all friendly.

和我一起工作的人都很友好。

which指物,在定語從句中做主語或賓語。做賓語時常可省略。

English isa languagewhichis easy to learn.

that指人時,相當於who或whom;指物時,相當於which。在定語從句中做主語或賓語

The manthatItalked with just now is a tthe bookthatIbought last week.

whose人、物皆可,做定語,後面要緊跟被修飾的名詞,先行詞和後面的名詞之間往往是從屬關係。

There are somepeople whose faces you can never forget.有些人,他們的臉你永遠難以忘懷

 總結

在從句中做定語,先行詞是人時用:who,whom, that;先行詞是物時:which, that;whose,

 注意:只用that的情況

當先行詞爲everything, anything, nothing, all, none, few, little等詞時,或當先行詞被every, any, all, ome, no, little, few, much等詞修飾時。Everything that they said was true.

當先行詞被序數詞或形容詞最高級修飾時。

The first place (that) they visited in London was the Big Ben.

當先行詞被the very, the only修飾時。

This is the very grammar book (that) I want to buy.

當先行詞爲who或前面有who, which等疑問代詞時。

Who that has common sense will believe such nonsense?

先行詞在定語從句中做表語時。

She is no longer the sweet girl (that) she used to be.

當先行詞既有人又有物時。

The driver and his car that fell into the river have not yet been discovered.

關係副詞的用法

引導定語從句的關係副詞有when, where或why。when, where, why分別在定語從句中作狀語,在意義上相當於介詞+which結構,分別代替表示時間、地點或原因的先行詞。

when 指時間,在定語從句中作時間狀語。

I still rememberthe daywhenI first came to this school.

where 指地點,在定語從句中作地點狀語。

I recently went back tothe townwhereI was born.

why 指原因,在定語從句中作原因狀語。

Please tell methereasonwhyyou missed the plane.