導語：大學英語AB級專科生必考的測試，因此我們要重點複習一下英語的語法，不然久不碰英語的考生連最基本的語法都會忘記。下面YJBYS小編分享大學英語AB級重點語法結構，歡迎參考!
考察重點：
▲過去完成時：常和before, after, until, when 等引導的時間狀語從句連用，其謂語動作一般表示過去。(by the time/the end of )+ 表示過去時間的短語或句子。
hardly/scarcely +過去完成時+when+過去時;
no sooner + 過去完成時 + than + 過去時
▲ 現在完成時和現在完成進行時
狀語詞組：this day (week, month, year), so far, for some time, up to now, up to the present, all this year 等。
▲ 將來完成時：常和before, until , when, after 等詞連用，其謂語動作一般表示將來。by (the time/end of )+表示將來的時間或句子。
1) By the end of this month, we surely ____a satisfactory solution to the problem.
A. have found B. will be finding C. will have found D. are finding
2) It seems oil ____ from this pipe for some time. We’ll have to take the machine apart to put it high.
A. have leaked B. is leaking C. leaked D. has been leaking
3) the conference ____ a full week by the time it ends.
A. must have lasted B. will have lasted C. would last D. has lasted
4) Until then, ____ his family from him for six months.
A. didn’t hear B. hasn’t been hearing
C. hasn’t heard D. hadn’t heard
二、 情態動詞情態動詞測試重點：
▲ should (ought to) +have +p.p. (應該發生而沒有發生的事情)
▲ might(could)+have +p.p. (過去可能發生而沒有發生的事情)
▲ must+have +p.p. (對過去事件的推論) 只用於肯定句。否定句用can’t , can.
1) The room is in a terrible mess; it __________ cleaned.
A. can’t have been B. shouldn’t have been
B. mustn’t have been D. wouldn’t have been
2) With all this work on hand, he ____ to the cinema last night.
A. mustn’t go B. wouldn’t go
C. oughtn’t go D. shouldn’t have gone
三、 動詞不定式考察重點：不定式的完成式，進行式和被動式。
1) Mrs. Brown is supposed ____ for
A. to have left B. to be leaving C. to leave D. to have been left
2) I’d rather read than watch television; the programs seem____ all the time.
A. to get worse B. getting worse
C. to have got worse D. to be getting worse
3) This book is said _____ into dozens of languages in the last decade.
A. to have been translated B. to translate
C. to be translated D. to have translated
四、 分詞(現在分詞和過去分詞)(一) 分詞作狀語
當分詞作狀語時，其邏輯主語一般須與句子的主語保持一致，表示時間、原因、條件、方式、讓步和伴隨。現在分詞和主句中的主語有主動關係，過去分詞和主句中的主語有被動關係。
1) Michael used to look hurt and surprised when ______.
A. scolding B. to scold C. having scolded D. scolded
2) _____ such a good chance, he planed to learn more.
A. To be given B. Having been given C. Having given D. Giving
3) Heated，water changes into steam. (時間狀語)
當受熱時，水就變成了蒸汽。
4) Not knowing how to deal with the problem, I turned to the teacher for help. (原因)
由於不知道如何處理這個問題，我向老師求助。
5) Being ill, the girl still came to class yesterday. (讓步)
雖然病了，這個女孩仍然來上課了。
6)His father died, leaving his son nothing. (結果)
他父親死了，給他的兒子什麼都沒留下。
(二)分詞的獨立結構
當分詞短語作作狀語時，其邏輯主語一般與句子的主語不一致，分詞短語前需帶其本身的邏輯主語，構成分詞的獨立結構，表示時間、原因、條件、伴隨情況等。
1)His voice _______，he said he was too upset to say any more.
A)shake B)be shaking
C)was shaking D)shaking
2)Winter coming, it gets colder and colder.
冬天來了，天氣越來越冷了。
3) More time given, we should have done it much better. 如果給我們更多的時間，我們會做得更好。
4) Her work done, she sat down for a cup of tea.
她幹完了活，坐下來喝茶。(時間)
5)The condition being favorable, he may succeed.(條件)
若條件有利，他或許能成功。
6)There being no taxis, we had to walk.(表示原因)
沒有出租車，我們只好步行。
7)Almost all metals are good conductors, silver being the best of all. (伴隨情況)
幾乎所有的金屬都是良導體，而銀則是最好的導體
(三)分詞短語作定語和賓補
1)The manager promised to keep me ____ of how our business was going on.
A. to be informed B. on informing C. informed D. informing
2) The first text book _____ for teaching English as a foreign language came out in the 16th century.
A. written B. to be written C. writing D. being written
3) The injured workers are now being taken good care of in the hospital.( 前置定語---被動意義)
4) They are cleaning the fallen leaves in the yard. (完成意義)
5) Who were the so-called guests invited (=who had been invited) to your party last night? (後置定語)
6) Tell the children playing outside not to make too much noise
(四)With+名詞(代詞)+ V-ed/ V-ing
1). John received an invitation to dinner, and with his work _______, he gladly accepted it.
A. finished B. finishing
C. having finished D. was finished
2). I couldn’t do my homework with all that noise _______.
A. going on B. goes on
C. went on D. to go on
(五) 動名詞
考察重點
只跟動名詞的動詞：risk, finish, miss, mind, avoid, dislike, enjoy, practice, admit, hate, escape, appreciate, consider, deny , fancy, favor, delay, suggest, imagine, mention, postpone, excuse, involve, confess, include, acknowledge, understand,
To作介詞後面接ing分詞常見幾個詞組：
be accustomed to, be used to doing, devote oneself to doing
object to, look forward to狀語從句
1)They are considering ____ before the prices go up.
A. of buying the house B. with buying the house
C. buying the house D. to buy the house
2) it’s no use ____ me not to worry.
A. you tell B. your telling C. for you to have told D. having told
difficulty
trouble
have a good/hard time (in) +v-ing
no business
please
(六) 定語從句
考察重點：
▲ that, as, when, where, which, whose 引導的定語從句
▲ 名詞/代詞/數詞/形容詞比較級和最高級+of +which /whom
▲ 介詞 + which/whose/whom
1) A child ____ parents are dead is called an orphan.
A. who B. who’s C. whose D. which
2) The train ____ she was traveling was late.
A. which B. where C. on which D. in that
3) Some of the roads were flooded, ___ made our journey more difficult.
A. which B. it C. what D. that
4) He has two sons, ___ work as chemists.
A. two of whom B. both of whom
C. both of which D. all of whom
5) ____ might be expected, the response to the question was vey mixed.
A. As B. That C. It D. What
(七) 狀語從句
考察重點：
1)時間狀語從句的`名詞詞組：the minute, the moment, the second, every time, the day, the instant
2) 原因狀語從句的連詞：as, seeing that (), in that, considering that, for the reason that, now that, given that, because, since, as, for
3) 目的狀語從句：lest, in case, in order that, for fear that, for the purpose that
4) 條件狀語從句：as/so long as, unless，only if, providing/provided that(假若), suppose that, in case that, on condition that， assuming that，(假定)，suppose/supposing that (假使)
5)比較狀語從句：the more …the more, than(不同程度的比較) , as(同級比較)
6)讓步狀語從句：though, although, even if, even though，as(用在讓步狀語從句中必須要倒裝), while ( 一般用在句首 ), no matter …, in spite of the fact that, while, whatever, etc.
1). We won’t give up ______________we should fail ten times.
A. even if B. since C. whether D. until
2) We had hardly got to the station __________it began no rain.
A. until B. since C. while D. when
3) . Father was ________busy in working __________he often forgot rest or meals.
