非限制性定語從句的使用方法

導語:非限定性定語從句起補充說明作用,缺少也不會影響全句的理解,它與主句往往用逗號隔開。下面YJBYS小編向大家介紹非限制性定語從句的使用方法,歡迎參考!

非限制性定語從句的使用方法

非限定性定語從句:非限定性定語從句的作用是對所修飾的成分作進一步說明,通常和主句間用逗號隔開,將從句拿掉後其他部分仍可成立

  1. which引導的非限定性定語從句來說明前面整個句子的情況或主句的某一部分 ,that不能用於引導非限制性定語從句

例如:

Her house,which was built a hundred years ago,stood still in the earthquake.(那座房子在地震中依然聳立,它是一百多年前建造的。)

  2. 有時as也可用作關係代詞

  3. 在非限定性定語從句中,用who, whom代表人,用which代表事物.

  4.當先行詞是專有名詞或物主代詞和指示代詞所修飾時,其後的定語從句通常是非限制性的。

例如:

Charles Smith, who was my former teacher, retired last year. 查理·史密斯去年退休了,他曾經是我的老師。

My house, which I bought last year, has got a lovely garden. 我去年買的的那幢房子帶着個漂亮的花園。

This novel, which I have read three times, is very touching. 這本小說很動人,我已經讀了三遍。

  5.非限制性定語從句還能將整個主句作爲先行詞, 對其進行修飾, 這時從句謂語動詞要用第三人稱單數,

例如:

He seems not to have grasped what I meant, which greatly upsets me. 他似乎沒抓住我的意思,這使我心煩。

Liquid water changes to vapor, which is called evaporation. 液態水變爲蒸汽,這就叫做蒸發。

非限制性定語從句只是對主句內容,或先行詞的補充、解釋或附加說明。主句與先行詞或從句之間一般用逗號分開,常常單獨翻譯。沒有它,主句意思仍然完整。引導非限制性定語從句的關係代詞有as,which,who, whom,whose等,作定語從句的主語、賓語、表語及定語。關係副詞有when,where等,作定語從句的狀語。關係代詞和關係副詞在定語從句中一般不能省。

  一、as引導非限制性定語從句時,可以代主句的全部或部分內容。常表說話人關於說話的依據、態度、評論、看法等。有“正如、像”等意思。定語從句可以置主句句首、句中或句末。as後常接expect,know,report,say,see等動詞的主、被動語態句。

,as we expected,attended the meeting.像我們所期望的那樣,邁克參加了會議。

wasn't unconsicious,as could be judged from his eyes.他並未失去知覺,這從他的眼神可以判斷出來。

  二、which引導非限制性定語從句的情況很多。

I.指代主句的全部或部分內容時,常表事實、狀態、起因等,有“這就使得、這一點”等意思,常置主句末。主句與定語從句用逗號分開。

thy was always speaking highly of her role in the play,,of course,madethe others unhappy.

h

II.指代先行詞有多種情況。定語從句置先行詞後面。

1.在“n./pron./num....+prep.+ which”,“prep.+which”定語從句裏。 1)They talked about a movie,the name of which I've never forgotten.他們談論過一部電影,我決不會忘記片名。

2)In Sydney the Chinese team got 28 gold medals,16.5 of which were won by women.在悉尼奧運會,中國隊奪得了28枚金牌,其中16.5枚是女子奪得的。

3)China has thousands of islands,the largest of which is Taiwan.中國有數千個島嶼,其中最大的是臺灣島。

4)Chaplin went to the states in 1910,by which time he had learnt to dance and act in comedies.卓別林1910年去了美國,那時他已學會跳舞和演喜劇了。

2.表唯一性,或者就是指代先行詞的事物時。

The dam,which is the biggest in the world,is 3,830 metres long.大壩長3,830米,是世界上最大的`壩。

3.先行詞是獨一無二的事物時。

The moon,which doesn't give out light itself,is only a satellite of the earth.月球本身不發光,它只是地球的一個衛星。

4.先行詞表示類屬的事物時。

Football,which is a very interesting game,is played all over the world.足球是一項非常有趣的運動,全世界都踢足球。

5.先行詞是專有名詞時。

1)Three of the biggest man-made projects in the world are the Great Wall of China,the Pyramids of Egypt and the Aswan High Dam, which is also in Egypt.世界上最大的三項人造工程是中國的長城,埃及的金字塔和阿斯旺高壩,它也在埃及。

2)The Nile,which used to flood every year,now runs more regularly below the dam.尼羅河年年漲洪水,現在比較正常地在大壩下面流過了。

6.先行詞是表人的職業、品質、身份等名詞,作定語從句的表語時。主句和定語從句之間含有對比的意思。

Mike's brother is a policeman,which he isn't.邁克的哥哥是警察,他可不是。

7.先行詞是形容詞作定語從句的表語時。主句和定語從句含有對比的意思。

Li Ling is very clever,which Li Long isn't.李玲很聰明,李瓏可不是。

8.先行詞是集體名詞表整體意思時。

My family,which has 35 people,is a large one.我家有35口人,是一個大家庭。

9.先行詞是國家名詞表地域概念時。

Last year he went to Egypt,which is in Africa.他去年去了埃及,埃及在非洲。

  三、as,which是指代主句內容的非限制性定語從句時,表依據、評論與表事實、狀態等沒有多大差別,又在主句末時,有時可以通用。

is quite pleased,as /which can be seen from his face.他非常高興,從他的表情可以看出來。

always work hard,as /which everyone knows.大家都知道,你一向勤奮學習。

但是,上面兩句把定語從句置主句句首時,就只能用as。

elephant is like a snake,as anybody can see.像任何人都能看見那樣,這頭象像條蛇。

oo is hollow,which makes it very light.竹子是空的,這就使得它很輕。 在否定意義的非限制性定語從句裏,一般用which引導。

came to my birthday party,which I didn't expect at all.我完全沒有想到,他來參加我的生日聚會了。

  四、who,whom,whose等引導非限制性定語從句時,指代人的普通名詞、專有名詞等。表示正是或專指先行詞等情況。在定語從句中作主語、賓語、定語等。

's father,who worked on the project,spent four years in Egypt.鮑勃的父親從事這項工程,在埃及度過了四年。

,this is Zheng Jie,who I knew in Paris.爸,這是鄭傑,我在巴黎認識的。 這一句是用主格who代替賓格 whom。

mother,whom he loved dearly, died in 1818.他非常愛戴他的母親,她死於 1818年。

  五、when,where引導非限制性定語從句時,作定語從句的狀語。when =and then, where =and there。why不引導非限制性定語從句。

was quickly taken to hospital,where a doctor wanted to examine Mr King's legs.金先生很快被送去住院,在那裏一個醫生要檢查他的腿。

will put off the outing until next week,when we won't be so busy.我們把郊遊推遲到下個星期,那時我們不會那麼忙了。

went to America in 1912,where and when he was noticed by an important film director.他在1912年去了美國,當時他在那裏引起了一個重要電影導演的注意。

在e /when非限制性定語從句裏,where =there,when =then。

head soon appeared out of the second storey windows,from where he could see nothing but trees.他的頭很快從第二層樓的一個窗戶伸出來了,從那裏他只能看見樹木。

was in 1929,since when things have been better.那是在1929年,從那時起情況就已經好轉了。

6.I went to bed at ten,before when I was reading for an hour.我10點去睡覺,在那時以前我看了1小時的書。

有時候where /when可以用h替換。

southern states wanted to set up a country of their own,where they would be free to keep black slaves.南方各州要建立一個屬於他們自己的國家,在那裏他們將自由地保留黑人奴隸。

8.I still remembered January 10,on which /when he came to see me.我仍然記得1月10日,那一天他來看我了。