引導語：爲了幫助大家更好地準備英語專業四級考試，以下是本站小編爲大家整理的英語專四寫作技巧，歡迎閱讀!
技巧一、句子的一致性
句子的一致性：指句子結構完整，時態、語態，語氣及句式的一致，舉重個部分共同表達一個獨立、完整的思想。句子各成分之間的關係應協調，連貫，自然平穩。
下面來看一下句子不統一的幾種情況：
1)句子意思表達不完整
× The lecture was given in such an interersting way.
√ The lecture was given in such an inereresting way that everyone enjoyed it very much.
2)句子的主從關係模糊
× We are going to visit John, and he is our English friend.
√ We are going to visit John who is our English friend.
3) 連接詞使用不當
× The main reason he was absent was because he was ill.
√ The main reason he was absent was that he was ill.
4) 主謂不一致
× Every teacher and student were invited to go to the party.
√ Every teacher and student was invited to go to the party.
5) 中心不明白
× I was watching a film last night, I suddenly found Mary sitting in front of me.
√ When I was watching a film last night, I suddenly found Mary sitting in front of me.
技巧二、句子的簡練
句子的簡練：累贅是寫作常見的弊病之一。寫作時應力求言簡意賅，短小精悍。也就是說，在能說“走，天竺!”的時候千萬不要說“你挑着擔我騎着馬迎來日出送走晚霞地去西天也就是天竺現在叫印度的地方如來佛祖那裏取經到東土大唐來。”(咦?爲什麼大家都在吐?)衆人：
那個……總之，能簡潔就簡潔便是了。下面來看幾句例句。
繁瑣 My little bother always disappears from view when it is time for dinner.
簡潔 My little bother always disappears when it is time for dinner.
繁瑣 The point I am trying to make is that practice makes perfect.
簡潔 I believe that practice makes perfect.
繁瑣 I am writing to call your attention to the fact that…
簡潔 I am writing to remind you that…
練習：
下列句子中都很繁瑣，請修改成簡潔句。
1)There are several things which are interesting here.
2)It is encouraging and inspiring to note that sales which are reported right now have increased this month.
3)Another factor that adds to the persuasive power of this speech is the vivid example is gives.
參考答案：
1)There are several things which are interesting here.
Several things are interesting here.
2)It is encouraging and inspiring to note that sales which are reported right now have increased this month.
Sales have increased this month; the figures are encouraging.(特別說明一下，這句句子是商務英語寫作的範疇，一般不用形式主語，不用從句，所以這裏不要用it is + aj.句型。)
3)Another factor that adds to the persuasive power of this speech is the vivid example is gives.
The vivid example also makes the speech mor persuasive.
技巧三、句子的連貫性
句子的連貫性：指句子連接貫通，銜接自然。句子不論長短都應環環緊扣，符合語法、邏輯。請注意以下要點：
1)平行結構：把兩個獲兩個以上意思相近或相對的、地位相當的成分已同意與發行是泛指在一起。其中以下三條規則須加以注意。
a)使用相同的語法來表達具有相同功能的句子成分，可運用並列連詞and, but或or等。
× If you want to learn a foreign language well, you’d better try to think in it and speak it as much as possible.
√ If you want to learn a foreign language well, you’d better try to think in it and to speak it as much as possible.
b)正確使用相關連詞，如both…and, not … but, not only … but also等。
× Wang Lan is not only clever but also she is helpful.
√ Wang Lan is not only clever but also helpful.
c)一個句子或段落中的人稱、時態、語態要始終保持一致。
× One reason I like to go to school on foot is the physical exercise I get from it.
√ I like to go to school on foot I regard it as a kind of physical exercise.
2)代詞一致：句中代詞應在數、性、人稱等方面保持一致，或者與它所照應的名詞詞組在這些方面保持一致。如：
We each are responsible for our own jobs.
We are each responsible for his own jobs.
3)代詞與先行詞一致：寫作時應弄清楚代詞究竟指代哪個名詞，否則意思不明確，造成模棱兩可的感覺。如：
× The old woman told the little girl that she was wrong.
√ The old woman told the little girl,”I am wrong.”
√ The old woman told the little girl,”You are wrong.”
練習：
下列句子中都存在不連貫的'問題，請修改並指出屬於哪類情況。
1)He asked the policeman what had happened to him.
2)Not only he did make a promise, but he kept.
3)All are ready, isn’t it?
4)Listening to the wind and smell the fragrant of the lily, you will found that the summer is coming.
5)The most important reason I accept his advice is his knowledge of marketing I know from his words.
參考答案
1)He asked the policeman，“What happened to you?”
/ He asked the policeman，“What happened to me?”
代詞與先行詞不一致
2)Not only did he make a promise, but he kept.
連詞使用不當(not only前置一定要用倒裝句)
3)All are ready, aren't they?
代詞不一致
4)Listening to the wind and smelling the fragrant of the lily, you will found that the summer is coming.結構不平行
5)I accept his advice because I know he is keen in marketing.
語態不一致
技巧四、句子的強調
句子的強調：強調能更有效地進行思想交流。寫作者爲使讀者能更深入地瞭解自己的觀點，有必要運用強調的手段。這就好比平時我們做筆記的時候，用熒光筆劃出重點，爲的就是能一目瞭然。那麼寫作的時候，也不要忘記在必要的地方使用一下highlight，讓那些沒有顏色的亮綠亮黃，一下子達到讀者心裏去。
常見的強調手段有如下幾種：
1)句尾強調(End Emphasis)英語句子中通常將需要強調的部分置於句子末尾。
弱：He has achieved success, I believe.
強：He has, I believe, achieved success.
2)倒裝語序(Inverted Order)運用點到正常語序的手法達到強調。
正常：I did not believe what she said for a moment.
倒裝：Not for a moment did I believe what she said.
3)重複(Repetition)有意重複主要信息也可達到強調的目的。
…that government of the people, by the people, and for the people, shall not perish from the earth.
練習：
請用相應的強調手段，改寫下列句子。
1)I have never dreamed about it.
2)She was so angry that he could not speak.
3)He will be back, I’m sure.
4)If he is your best friend, he would help you.
參考答案:
1)I have never dreamed about it.
Never have I dreamed about it.
2)She was so angry that she could not speak.
So angry was she that she could not speak.
3)He will be back, I’m sure.
He will, I’m sure, be back.
4)If he is your best friend, he would help you.
Were he your best friend, he would help you.
技巧五、寫作修辭
修辭，即調整、修飾文字詞句，是寫作、說話的一門藝術，對寫作者的語言掌握有較高的要求。
以前有個童話，國王問公主：“我在你心目中像什麼?”公主回答：“敬愛的父王，您在我心目中就像鹽一樣。”國王勃然大怒，把公主趕出了他的國家。故事的經過我忘記了，總之最後，公主用一頓不加鹽的菜餚終於使國王懂得，看似微不足道的鹽，在我們的生活中扮演的卻是多麼重要的角色。
修辭就像鹽：用得好，會使文章有滋有味;一旦缺乏，語言就會平淡乏味，缺少美感。調味恰當，青菜豆腐都是天下美味咯!
常見的修辭手段有如下幾種：
A. 明喻(Simile)
—— Only the chiming of sleigh-bells, beating as swift and merrily as the hearts of children. (Henry W. Longfellow)
B. 暗喻(Metaphor)
—— Spring, the sweet Spring, is the years’s pleasant king.(Thomas Nash)
C. 擬人(Personification)
—— But the pine is trained to need nothing and endure everything. It is resolvedly whole, self-contained, desiring nothing but rightness, content with restricted completion. (John Ruskin)
D. 誇張(Exaggeration)
—— Hamlet: I love Ophelia, forty thousand brothers could not, with all their quantity of love, make up my sum. (Shakespare)
E. 借代(Metonymy)
—— Have you ever read Shakespeare?
修辭，即調整、修飾文字詞句，是寫作、說話的一門藝術，對寫作者的語言掌握有較高的要求。
以前有個童話，國王問公主：“我在你心目中像什麼?”公主回答：“敬愛的父王，您在我心目中就像鹽一樣。”國王勃然大怒，把公主趕出了他的國家。故事的經過我忘記了，總之最後，公主用一頓不加鹽的菜餚終於使國王懂得，看似微不足道的鹽，在我們的生活中扮演的卻是多麼重要的角色。
修辭就像鹽：用得好，會使文章有滋有味;一旦缺乏，語言就會平淡乏味，缺少美感。調味恰當，青菜豆腐都是天下美味咯!
上次介紹了幾種常見的修辭手段，還有如下幾種：
F. 排比(Parallelism)
—— …the life of the Negro is still sadly crippled by the manacles of segregation and the chains of discrimination.(Martin Luther King)
G. 倒裝(Anastrophe)
—— Worse perhaps was the idea of Saturday afternoon cricket; most of my friends would be enjoying leisure at that time.)
H. 反覆(Reiteration)
—— And she forgot the stars, the moon, and the sun,
And she forgot the blue above the trees,
And she forgot the dells where waters run,
And she forgot the chilly autumn breeze…(J. Keeds)
I. 反問(Rhetorical Question)
—— What is student life like on “The Farm”?
