大學聯考是中華人民共和國大陸境內(香港、澳門除外)高等學校入學最重要的考試。英語作爲文理都要考的科目，不可謂不重要。爲了幫助大家備考2021年大學聯考英語，小編整理了一些閱讀理解訓練題，歡迎閱讀!
第一節(共15小題;每小題2分，滿分30分)
閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個選項(A、B、C和D)中，選出最佳選項，並在答題卡上將該項塗黑
A
Signing up for a digital TV service provides you with access to over 200 channels from all over the globe. However, television today is dominated by adult language, making it hard for concerned families to find channels suitable for young eyes. Therefore, most movie channels are automatically removed form the list of TV channels for an entire family. The following are some good ones based on popularity on a global scale.
Discovery Channel
Discovery and its many channels can be considered as the founding father of informative channels on television. What National Geographic does in a scholastic(學術的) manner, Discovery tries to do in an entertaining manner—educating the masses about anything and everything.
Fox Family
Finding a movie channel that broadcasts pictures suitable for teenagers and kids alike is very difficult unless your service operator offers you Fox family movies. This channel screens most movies before it broadcasts them, ensuring that no movie shows unacceptable material for young eyes.
Nickelodeon
A channel very similar to Cartoon Network, it mostly shows US programs. However, their shows are sometimes a bit more mature for younger kids and better suited to kids aged 5and up.
ABC Family
ABC started the ABC family channel in an attempt to introduce family-centered shows and serials to the public in the USA. The need for this channel was felt after ABC observed the lack of proper family type US channels.
Living
If travelling is a family hobby and better living is the motto then there is no better channel than Living. Kids can see never-seen-before sights, learning about new places while adults can practice their cooking and learn amazing things about motorbikes.
21. According to the text, most channels offered by a digital TV service ______.
A. can keep people away from TV violence
B. are welcomed by families with small children
C. are concerned about the proper use of language
D. are unsuitable for the whole family to watch together
22. Which of the following can best describe Discovery Channel?
A. Relaxing. B. Touching. C. Commercial. D. Professional.
23. If people want to know about what a traditional family is like, they can choose ____.
A. Fox Family B. Nickelodeon C. ABC Family D. Living
B
Do you know how it is when you see someone yawn and you start yawning too? Or how hard it is to be among people laughing and not laugh yourself? Well, apparently it’s because we have mirror neurons (神經元) in our brains.
Put simply, the existence of mirror neurons suggests that every time we see someone else do something, our brains imitate it, whether or not we actually perform the same action. This
explains a great deal about how we learn to smile, talk, walk, dance or play sports. But the idea goes further: mirror neurons not only appear to explain physical actions, they also tell us that there is a biological basis for the way we understand other people.
Mirror neurons can undoubtedly be found all over our brains, but especially in the area
which relate to our ability to use languages, and to understand how other people feel. Researchers have found that mirror neurons relate strongly to language. A group of researchers discovered that if they gave people sentences to listen to (for example: “The hand took hold of the ball”), the same mirror neurons were triggered as when the action was actually performed (in this example, actually taking hold of a ball).
Any problems with mirror neurons may well result in problems with behavior. Much research suggests that people with social and behavioral problems have mirror neurons which
are not fully functioning. However, it is not yet known exactly how these discoveries might help find treatments for social disorders.
Research into mirror neurons seems to provide us with ever more information concerning how humans behave and interact. Indeed, it may turn out to be the equivalent for neuroscience of what Einstein’s theory of relativity was for physics. And the next time you feel the urge to cough in the cinema when someone else does—well, perhaps you’ll understand why.
24. Mirror neurons can explain _____.
A. why we cry when we are hurt
B. why we cough when we suffer from a cold
C. why we smile when we see someone else smile
D. why we yawn when we see someone else stay up late
25. The underlined word “triggered” in the third paragraph probably means “____”.
A. set off B. cut off C. built up D. broken up
26. We can learn from the passage that mirror neurons _____.
A. relate to human behavior and interaction
B. control human physical actions and feelings
C. result in bad behavior and social disorders
D. determine our knowledge and language abilities
27. What is the passage mainly about?
A. Ways to find mirror neurons. B. Problems of mirror neurons.
C. Existence of mirror neurons. D. Functions of mirror neurons.
C
The sharing economy, represented by companies like Airbnb or Uber, is the latest fashion craze. But many supporters have overlooked the reality that this new business model is largely based on escaping regulations and breaking the law.
Airbnb is an internet-based service that allows people to rent out spare rooms to strangers for short stays. Uber is an internet taxi service that allows thousands of people to answer ride requests with their own cars. There are hundreds of other such services.
The good thing about the sharing economy is that it promotes the use of underused resources. Millions of people have houses or apartments with empty rooms, and Airbnb allows them to profit from these rooms while allowing guests a place to stay at prices that are often far less than those charged by hotels. Uber offers prices that are competitive with standard taxi prices and their drivers are often much quicker and more trustworthy.
But the downside of the sharing economy has gotten much less attention. Most cities and states both tax and regulate hotels, and the tourists who stay in hotels are usually an important source of tax income. But many of Airhnb’s customers are not paying the taxes required under the law.
Airbnb can also raise issues of safety for its customers and trouble for hosts' neighbors. Hotels are regularly inspected to ensure that they are not fire traps and that they don't form other risks for visitors. Airbnb hosts face no such inspections.
Since Airbnb is allowing people to escape taxes and regulations, the company is simply promoting thefts. Others in the economy will lose by bearing an additional tax burden or being forced to live next to an apartment unit with a never-ending series of noisy visitors.
The same story may apply with Uber. Uber is currently in disputes over whether its cars meet the safety and insurance requirements imposed on standard taxis. Also, if Uber and related services flood the market, they could harm all taxi drivers' ability to earn a minimum wage.
This downside of the sharing needs to be taken seriously, hut that doesn't mean the current tax and regulatory structure is perfect.
28. What is the positive thing about the sharing economy?
A. It is a global trend.
B. It is beyond regulations.
C. It draws on spare resources.
D. It brings in modest profits.
29. What is the problem with Airbnb customers according to the passage?
A. They are not regularly inspected.
B. They are likely to commit thefts.
C. They are not allowed to escape taxes.
D. They can be noisy to hosts’ neighbours.
30. What is the argument over Uber according to the passage?
A. Whether it guarantees customers' safety.
B. Whether it provides reliable services.
C. Whether it lowers customers' expenses.
D. Whether it can compete with standard taxis.
31. What will be talked about in the following paragraphs?
A. Existing regulations and laws.
B. Necessary improvements of current laws.
C. Further development of Airbnb and Uber.
D. More downsides of Airbnb and Uber.
D
The old shopkeeper led me through to the back of the shop. The room was filled with boxes and dusty photographs of people holding packages in their hands.
Mr. Hopkins said, “We have a very wide choice of items for sale. Whenever I serve a new customer, I take their picture.” Mr. Hopkins pointed to an ancient camera on a table.
I began to appreciate the lovely items on sale. I spent a very pleasant hour being shown the commodities in the shop. Finally, I bought an antique jewelry box, a pair of riding boots and a sewing machine.
I was very excited that I had found such a good little shop. “I will tell all my friends about your lovely place,” I told the shopkeeper. ?Please do not do that, sir”, said Mr. Hopkins. “This is a special place for special people. You must keep this shop a secret.” Then he took my photograph, and handed me the picture straight away.
?That was quick!” I exclaimed. In the picture I looked proud and excited holding the presents I had bought there.
On Christmas Day, my friends and relatives were delighted with the presents I had bought for them. For weeks, my brother begged me to take him to the wonderful little shop. I finally agreed .
We walked along Oxford Street, passed the department store and found nothing. In its place was an empty space being used as a car park. I checked the area again. There was the music shop, and there was the department store. In between should have been Hopkins and Son, but it wasn’t there.
Just then an old policeman came . “Are you looking for something, sir?” he asked. “I am looking for a little shop called Hopkins and Son. ”
?Oh yes, there was a shop here once called Hopkins and Son. But it was knocked down over 30 years ago.”
I looked again at the place , and then I reached into my pocket and took out the photograph that Mr. Hopkins had taken of me holding my presents in the little shop.
?How strange” I exclaimed.
32. What did the author think of Hopkins and Son?
A. Big and modern .
B. Old and outdated.
C. Little and dusty.
D. Lovely and wonderful.
33. We can infer from Paragraph 4 that Mr. Hopkins ________.
A. was ashamed of his little shop.
B. didn’t like his shop to be advertised.
C. was one of the author’s special friends.
D. handed the author his picture immediately.
34. What does the underlined word揷ommoditiesn” refer to?
A. The goods in the shop
B. the author’s gifts
C. Photographs taken by Mr. Hopkins
D. Packages held by other customers
35. What can we learn about the shop?
A. It was closed by the police.
B. It was well-known in that area.
C. It was knocked down a few weeks ago.
D. It was between a music shop and a department store.
第二節 (共5小題;每小題2分，滿分10分)
根據短文內容，從短文後的選項中選出能填入空白的最佳選項。選項中有兩項爲多於選項。
Most people believe they don't have much imagination. They are wrong. Everyone
has imagination, 36 Here are three techniques to help you regain your imagination
and creativity from when you were a kid.
Making connections.
This technique involves taking unrelated ideas and trying to find links between
them. First, think about the problem you have to solve or the job you need to do. 37 Think of as many ideas/words associated with candles: light, fire, matches, wax，night, silence, etcas you can and write them down. The next stage is to relate the ideas to the job you have to do.
No limits!
38 You have as much time/space/money, etc. as you want. Think about your goal and the new possibilities. If your goal is to learn to ski, for example, you can now practise skiing every day of your life (because you have the time and the money) . Now adapt this to reality. Maybe you can practise skiing every day in December, or every Monday in January.
39
Look at the situation from a different point of view. Fiction writers often imagine they are the characters in their books. They ask questions: What does this character want? Why can't she get it? What changes must she make to get what she wants? 40 The best fishermen think like fish!
A. Being someone else!
B. Asking questions!
C. Imagine that normal limitations don't exist.
D. Then find an image, word, idea or object, for example, a candle.
E. If your goal involves other people, put yourself in their positions.
F. but most of us, once we become adults, forget how to make use of it.
G. and we are on the way to achieving it whether the way is smooth or tough.
參考答案：
， ， ， ， E。
拓展：
大學聯考閱讀理解考查什麼?
常言道：得閱讀、完型者得高分，這還真沒有誇張，閱讀完型佔整份大學聯考英語試卷70分(總分150)，也是試卷中難度最大的部分，如何提分一直是廣大師生們思考的熱點問題。
首先，同學們要弄清楚閱讀理解題，考查大傢什麼?答案是：設題考查的是同學們是否讀懂文章的主旨大意、文章作者意圖，文章作者對所談及的問題的態度，以及文章中影響理解的一些細節，總的一句話，設題的目的是考查讀者是否真的看懂和理解目標文章而不是考查你是否認得每個字。
所以，讀文章時，當以提綱摯領爲關鍵，即讀文章先抓主旨大意而不能從頭一字一句讀到尾，這種做法對有情節的記敘文可行，其他文體不很適合。但大學聯考閱讀考 記敘文的比例較低，一般都是說明文、科技報道、科學發現、新聞、廣告等。讀這類文章每次都要養成先讀主旨大意句(通常是各段首句)的習慣，尤其是文章首句 和末尾句(它們經常在一呼一應中表達了作者的觀點)。然後再細讀各段，有時根據具體內容也可以在此時先看設題的題幹，或者甚至選項，這可以幫助你在第二步 細讀時有的放矢，有時讀了設題的題幹還有可能對文章的理解起到意想不到的幫助作用。
讀文章時，還要注意作些標記。如主題句，核心詞(反覆出現的詞)，反映作者態度的形容詞，對給出漢語的地方也要顯眼標出，一是因爲常會設題，二是避免下文或題目中再次出現時你當爲生詞。對於人名，數字也通常會設題最好標出記號，避免回頭找時浪費時間。
然後是開始讀題做選擇。不同情況的同學，我們給予不同的建議。
閱讀理解命題預測與答題技巧
一、大學聯考命題解讀
一)解題方法
(1)略讀法(Skimming)：略讀旨在快速瞭解閱讀材料的內容大意，在這個過程中要運用意羣視讀法，不糾纏隻言片語，不追求百分之一百的理解細節，要以最快的速度來理解文章的概貌，掌握文章的大意，作閱讀理解的第一遍時可用此方法。
(2)查閱法(Scanning)：考生可以不需要閱讀整篇文章，而只需找出可能包含所需信息的部分，然後加以閱讀就行。查閱法主要用於獲得具體的信息，即誰、什麼、什麼時間、什麼地點、什麼原因以及如何發生等有關或者具體的數字。
(3)同義互釋法：在大學聯考中有些深層理解或者判斷推理的問題可以採用同義互釋法。
(4)判斷推理法：有時4個題項中不止一個可以作爲答案項，這時就應該意識到該題是一個判斷推理題。要根據文章的主旨和作者的意圖，選擇比較，去僞存真，選出切合文章主旨和作者意圖的最佳答案。
二)解題思路
1.瀏覽試題，明確要求。在閱讀文章前，最好先瀏覽一下文章後面的題乾和選項。知道了問題後再去看文章，可使思路更敏捷，而且也便於閱讀時留意文中出現的與選項有關的信息。
2.通讀全文，抓住主要內容，要在不影響理解的前提下，儘可能地閱讀以便在儘可能短的時間內理解文章或段落的內容。閱讀時，如遇到不熟悉的單詞、詞組或一時看不懂的句子，不要停下來苦思冥想，繼續讀下去，通過上下文的詞語和句子可能就理解了。
3.抓住中心思想和段落大意。通讀全文時，要特別注意主題句。每篇文章或每個段落都有與文章有關的句子，尤其是科技、政論性文章的主題句一般都在文章的開 頭或結尾，插在中間的很少。所以，文章的第一段或開頭的第(一)二個句子往往包含着文章的中心思想、作者的意圖或全文的概述，因此要特別注意，徹底理解。
4.有針對性地仔細閱讀，找尋所需信息。在前面的基礎上，可進行有針對性地閱讀了。把與問題無關的內容一掃而過，而對於和問題有關的內容認真閱讀，還可以用筆在下面做出記號。再把這些信息與問題的要求結合起來，逐條分析，綜合判斷，找出正確答案。
5.進行合理的推理判斷。對文章有了全面的瞭解之後，可以按照文章要求以及上下文之間的關係，做出推理判斷。在進行推理判斷的時候，需要綜合考慮句型、語法、句子之間的邏輯關係、文化背景等方面的因素。
6.認真復讀,驗證答案.要用全文的中心思想統帥各個題目,研究其內在聯繫和邏輯關係,並依次審覈那些還未打上的題目,確保理解無誤.
二、學習建議
一)擴大詞彙量，強化閱讀訓練
實際閱讀中，考生掌握的詞彙量應在3000個詞以上。這些詞彙是學生需要掌握的詞彙，即考生要能認會用。考生要擴大詞彙量，增強語感，就必須通過加大閱讀量來實現。閱讀時應注意以下兩點：
1.精泛並舉。大力開展課外閱讀活動，爭取逐步達到新的《英語課程標準》 的`要求，確保達到學會使用3000個單詞和400～500個習慣用語和固定搭配的要求。
2.持之以恆。英語閱讀能力的培養是一個漸進的複雜過程，要養成每天閱讀英語的習慣，循序漸進，持之以恆，廣泛閱讀。每天最好讀2～3篇英語短文，記敘文、應用文、說明文等體裁的文章交叉閱讀，並做好後面的相關測試題
二)樹立正確的閱讀理念，學會基本的理解技巧
首先，要學會抓大意。尋找主題句是快速掌握文章大意的主要方法。
其次，要學會疏理結構。
三)形成有效的閱讀策略，養成良好的閱讀習慣
養成默讀習慣，使注意力集中在文字符號上，糾正脣讀、心讀、喉讀等做法，以免分散精力，影響閱讀速度。要克服指讀、回視、重讀等不良習慣。這些習慣容易使 理解只停留在某個詞或某個句子上，從而使獲得的信息支離破碎。要善於抓住句子中的核心詞，從一個句子快速地掃視到另一個句子，進行連貫性理解。
三、題型歸納
閱讀測試題一般可分爲以下幾種題型：
1)細節理解題。過去在閱讀理解題中佔很大比例。細節題要求考生具備快速尋找信息的能力，採用針對性方法進行閱讀。多數情況下，作者不會明確地呈現一個事 實，讀者需根據已有的信息進行處理，讀出言外之意。還要特別注意文章的時間順序、故事發生的地點、情節的發展、和人物之間的關係。
考查文章細節理解的測試題
① This article is particularly written for ___.?
② When the writer says he really means ___.?
③ The author's attitude to is that ___.?
④ What kind of atmosphere does the writer want to create in this passage??
⑤ The writer regards as ___.?
⑥ The writer's purpose in writing this story is ___.
2)歸納概括題。考生須通過對全文的閱讀和思考，把握文章的結構和脈絡，從而找出文 章的中心思想和主題大意，推斷作者寫作意圖或作者對該事情的態度。考生應抓住文章中開頭和結尾，注意每一自然段落中的主題句。
考查主題思想或段落大意的常見題
① The story mainly tells us ___.?
② From the passage we know that ___.?
③ The writer wants to tell us ___.
④ The best title of this passage should be ___?
⑤ The main idea of Paragraph 1 is ___.?
⑥ Whats the purpose/attitude of ?
⑦ The last paragraph ends the passage with an emphasis on ___.?
⑧ What is the subject discussed in the text??
⑨ Whish of the following statements is best supported by the last paragraph??
3)推理判斷題。此題要求縱觀全文，在彙集短文提供的各項信息的基礎上，緊扣作者的意圖，充分發揮自己的邏輯思維能力，從文章的內在含義和字裏行間中、從作者的態度和取向中獲得信息，做出正確的推理和判斷。
考查推理和判斷常見問題有：
① We can infer from the passage ___.?
② From the passage, we can tell ___.
③ We can conclude from the passage ___.?
④ What probably happened in the end??
⑤ When he said, "", he meant ___.?
⑥ This passage would most likely to be found in ___.
7 The authors / writers attitude(態度)towards is _______.
8 What do you think would happen (to) at the end of the story?
4)詞義猜測題。這類題要求理解文中關鍵詞句的含義。其中有些題屬於用詞彙替換或句型轉換手段對短文原句釋義，屬淺層理解題，但有些題要求聯繫全文意義來 判斷有關詞句的含義及寓意，這就屬於深層理解，需反覆推敲斟酌。同一個詞的意義往往因上下文不同而發生變化，故作好這類題的關鍵是理解好上下文。
猜測詞義，常見的題幹有?
① The word in paragraph refers to ___.?
② The underlined word "" means ___.?
③ The word "" could be replaced by ___.?
④ Which of the following words can take the place of ?
