引導語：爲了幫助大家更好地準備英語考研，以下是本站小編爲大家整理的2018考研英語完形填空訓練，歡迎閱讀!
訓練一
SectionⅠUse of English
Directions：
Read the following text. Choose the best wordfrom each numbered blank and mark A，B，C or D on ANSWER SHEET.
Driving through snowstorm on icy roads for long distances is a most nerve-racking experience. It is a paradox that the snow，coming __1__ gently，blowing gleefully in a high wind，all the while __2__ down a treacherous carpet，freezes the windows，__3__ the view. The might of automated man is__4__ . The horses，the powerful electrical systems，the deep-tread tires，all go __5__ nothing. One minute the road feels __6__，and the next the driver is sliding over it，light as a__7__，in a panic，wondering what the heavy trailer trucks coming up__8__the rear are going to do. The trucks are like __9__ when you have to pass them，not at sixty or seventy __10__ you do when the road is dry，but at twenty-five and thirty. __11__ their engines sound unnaturally loud. Snow，slush and__12__ of ice spray from beneath the wheels，obscure the windshield，and rattle __13__your car. Beneath the wheels there is plenty of __14__ for you to slide and get mashed to a pulp. Inch __15__ inch you move up，past the rear wheels，the center wheels，the cab，the front wheels，all__16__too slowly by. Straight ahead you continue，__17__ to cut over sharply would send you into a slip，__18__in front of the vehicle. At last，there is__19__enough，and you creep back over，in front of the truck now，but__20__the sound of its engine still thundering in your ears.
1. [A] up [B] off [C] down [D] on
2. [A] lies [B] lays [C] settles [D] sends
3. [A] blocks [B] strikes [C] puffs [D] cancels
4. [A] muted [B] discovered [C] doubled [D] undervalued
5. [A] for [B] with [C] into [D] from
6. [A] comfortable [B] weak [C] risky [D] firm
7. [A] loaf [B] feather [C] leaf [D] fog
8. [A] beneath [B] from [C] under [D] beyond
9. [A] dwarfs [B] giants [C] patients [D] princesses
10. [A] what [B] since [C] as [D] that
11. [A] So [B] But [C] Or [D] Then
12. [A] flakes [B] flocks [C] chips [D] cakes
13. [A] onto [B] against [C] off [D] along
14. [A] snow [B] earth [C] room [D] ice
15. [A] by [B] after [C] for [D] with
16. [A] climbing [B] crawling [C] winding [D] sliding
17. [A] meanwhile [B] unless [C] whereas [D] for
18. [A] sheer [B] mostly [C] rarely [D] right
19. [A] might [B] distance [C] air [D] power
20. [A] with [B] like [C] inside [D] upon
答案
1.C 2.B 3.A 4.A 5.A 6.D 7.B 8.C 9.B 10.C
11.D 12.C 13.C 14.C 15.A 16.D 17.D 18.D 19.B 20.A
總體分析
本文描述了在冰雪覆蓋的路面上開車的經歷。文章首句爲主題句，概括了這種經歷的特點是“令人非常緊張”。第二至四句分別介紹了下雪帶來的隱患和機器變得沒有多大用處。從第五句到文章最後則描述了在這種不利條件下和大卡車一同行駛的緊張經歷。
全文翻譯
在暴風雪中驅車長距離地行駛於冰雪覆蓋的路面上是一種令人非常緊張的經歷。矛盾的是雪一面輕輕地飄落，在強風中愉快地吹着，一面又不斷地吹落可能帶來危險的毯子，封凍窗戶，擋住視線。機器的力量被減弱了。馬、強有力的電子系統、深胎面的輪胎都毫無用處。一分鐘前路面還很結實，下一分鐘司機就在上面打滑，輕飄飄地，處於恐慌之中，想着從後面突然出現的笨重的掛了拖車的卡車會幹出什麼事情來。當你不得不開車經過這些卡車時，它們就像巨人一般。這時你行駛的速度不是當路面乾燥時的60或70，而是25和30.並且它們的引擎聽起來極其刺耳。雪、泥和冰渣滓從輪子下噴灑出來，使擋風玻璃變得模糊不清，然後格格作響地從車上掉下。卡車輪子下的空間很大，足以讓你滑進去並被碾成肉醬。你一點點的往前挪動，經過卡車的後輪，中間的輪子，駕駛室，前輪，所有這一切都是極其緩慢地滑過去的。你繼續筆直地往前開，因爲突然超車搶道到卡車前面會使你的車滑倒，正好倒在大卡車的前面。最後終於和卡車有了一段距離了，你才慢慢地往後挪，挪到另外一車道上，現在你行使在卡車的前面了，但是引擎的聲音仍然震耳欲聾。
訓練二
SectionⅠUse of English
Directions：
Read the following text. Choose the best wordfrom each numbered blank and mark A，B，C or D on ANSWER SHEET.
Aging poses a serious challenge to OECDcountries，in particular，how to pay for future public pension liabilities. And early retirement places an__1__burden on pension financing. There is no easy solution，but__2__retirement could help.
Early retirement may seem like a worthy individual goal，but it is a socially__3__one，and makes the present public pension system difficult to sustain for long. The__4__reason is that more people are retiring early and living longer. That means more retirees depending on the__5__of those in work for their income. The__6__is worrying. In the next 50 years，low fertility rates and__7__life expectancy in OECD countries will cause this old-age dependency rate to roughly double__8__size. Public pension payments，which afford 30-80% of total retirement incomes in OECD countries，are__9__to rise，on average，by over three percentage points in GDP and by as much as eight percentage points in some countries.__10__is the pressure on pension funds that there is a danger of today‘s workers not getting the pensions they expected or felt they__11__for.
Action is needed，__12__simply aiming to reduce the__13__of public pensions，or trying to__14__the role of privately funded pensions within the system，though necessary steps，may be__15__to deal with the dependency challenge. After years of__16__early retirement schemes to avoid__17__and higher unemployment，many governments are now looking__18__persuading people to stay in work until they are older. Surely，the thinking goes，if we are healthier now and jobs are physically less__19__and unemployment is down，then perhaps the__20__rate should rise anew.
1.[A] unsolvable [B] additional [C] unsustainable [D] undue
2.[A] delaying [B] retaining [C] detaining [D] hindering
3.[A] ultimate [B] unattainable [C] specific [D] expensive
4.[A] substantial [B] essential [C] potential [D] controversial
5.[A] donating [B] sponsoring [C] subsidizing [D] funding
6.[A] outlook [B] outcome [C] outbreak [D] outset
7.[A] prolonging [B] expanding [C] soaring [D] rising
8.[A] in [B] on [C] by [D] for
9.[A] conceived [B] reckoned [C] expected [D] meant
10.[A] As [B] Such [C] So [D] It
11.[A] should pay [B] paying [C] be paid [D] would pay
12.[A] but [B] for [C] and [D] thus
13.[A] multitude [B] implementation [C] application [D] generosity
14.[A] exaggerate [B] augment [C] magnify [D] multiply
15.[A] insufficient [B] influential [C] inefficient [D] intrinsic
16.[A] advancing [B] previous [C] ahead [D] preceding
17.[A] suspensions [B] abundances [C] redundancies [D] discrepancies
18.[A] for [B] to [C] about [D] at
19.[A] turbulent [B] strenuous [C] compact [D] intricate
20.[A] dependency [B] fertility [C] present [D] mortality
答案
1.C 2.A 3.D 4.B 5.D 6.A 7.D 8.A 9.C 10.B
11.C 12.A 13.D 14.B 15.A 16.A 17.C 18.D 19.B 20.C
總體分析
本文主要討論了老齡化給經合組織國家現存養老體系帶來的挑戰。文章第一段指出老齡化給經合組織國家帶來的挑戰，並提出推遲退休可能對解決該問題有所幫助。第二段分析了早退休給養老體系帶來的問題，即越來越多的人早退休而壽命延長，隨着出生率的降低，就會有更多退休的人依靠更少工作的人來爲他們養老，養老金在國家財政中所佔的比例增加，成爲無法承受的負擔。第三段探討了解決方法，指出僅僅減少公共養老金的數量，增加私有養老的比例是不夠的，許多政府在考慮說服人們晚退休。
全文翻譯
老齡化給經合組織國家，尤其是在如何支付未來的公共養老金負債方面，帶來了嚴重的挑戰。早退休給退休金的融資帶來了難以承受的負擔。沒有什麼簡單的解決方案，但推遲退休可能有所幫助。
早退休可能看起來是個值得追求的個人目標，但對於社會來說卻是昂貴的，它使當前的公共養老金系統難以持久。基本原因是更多的人退休早而壽命卻更長。這意味着更多的退休人員要依賴在職者的資助作爲收入。這一前景是令人擔憂的。未來50年，經合組織國家的低出生率和預期壽命的增加將使這一老年依賴率提高大約一倍。佔經合組織國家全部退休收入30%-80%的公共退休金的支出，在國內生產總值中的比例預期將平均增加超過三個百分點，而在有些國家甚至會增加八個百分點。養老基金的壓力如此之大以至於現在的工人有得不到他們預期或認爲應該得到的養老金的危險。
行動是必需的，但僅僅試圖減少公共養老金的慷慨度或增加系統內私有養老金的作用，儘管是必要的，但在應對這種依賴挑戰方面仍是不夠的。前些年爲了避免下崗及高失業，政府採取提前早退休的方案，而現在許多政府正考慮勸說人們晚點退休。當然，他們是這麼想的，如果現在我們更加健康了、工作對體力的要求降低了、失業率也降低了，那麼出席率可能也該重新上升了。
訓練三
SectionⅠUse of English
Directions：
Read the following text. Choose the best wordfrom each numbered blank and mark A，B，C or D on ANSWER SHEET.
As former colonists of Great Britain，the Founding Fathers of the United States adopted much of the legal system of Great Britain. We have a“common law”，or law made by courts__1__a monarch or other central governmental__2__like a legislature. The jury，a__3__of ordinary citizens chosen to decide a case，is an__4__ part of our common-law system.
Use of juries to decide cases is a__5__feature of the American legal system. Few other countries in the world use juries as we do in the United States.__6__the centuries，many people have believed that juries in most cases reach a fairer and more just result__7__would be obtained using a judge__8__，as many countries do.__9__a jury decides cases after“__10__”，or discussions among a group of people，the jury‘s decision is likely to have the__11__ from many different people from different backgrounds，who must as a group decide what is right.
Juries are used in both civil cases，which decide__12__ among__13__ citizens，and criminal cases，which decide cases brought by the government __14__ that individuals have committed crimes. Juries are selected from the U.S. citizens and__15__. Jurors，consisting of __16__ numbers，are called for each case requiring a jury.
The judge__17__to the case__18__the selection of jurors to serve as the jury for that case. In some states，__19__jurors are questioned by the judge;in others，they are questioned by the lawyers representing the__20__under rules dictated by state law.
1. [A] other than [B] rather than [C] more than [D] or rather
2. [A] agency [B] organization [C] institution [D] authority
3. [A] panel [B] crew [C] band [D] flock
4. [A] innate [B] intact [C] integral [D] integrated
5. [A]discriminating[B] distinguishing [C] determining [D] diminishing
6. [A] in [B] by [C] after [D] over
7. [A] that [B] which [C] than [D] as
8. [A] alike [B] alone [C] altogether [D] apart
9. [A] Although [B] Because [C] If [D] While
10.[A] deliberations [B] meditations [C] reflections [D] speculations
11.[A] outline [B] outcome [C] input [D] intake
12.[A] arguments [B] controversies [C] disputes [D] hostilities
13.[A] fellow [B] individual [C] personal [D] private
14.[A] asserting [B] alleging [C] maintaining [D] testifying
15.[A] assembled [B] evoked [C] rallied [D] summoned
16.[A] set [B] exact [C] given [D] placed
17.[A] allocated [B] allotted [C] appointed [D] assigned
18.[A] administers [B] manages [C] oversees [D] presides
19.[A] inspective [B] irrespective [C] perspective [D] prospective
20.[A] bodies [B] parties [C] sides [D] units
答案
1. B 2. D 3. A 4. C 5. B 6. D 7.C 8.B 9. B 10. A
11. C 12. C 13.D 14.B 15. D 16. A 17. D 18. C 19. D 20. B
總體分析
本文介紹了美國的陪審團制度。第一段指出，陪審團是美國共同法系統的基本組成部分。第二段分析了使用陪審團的原因。第三和四段分別介紹了陪審團的類型和選舉程序。
全文翻譯
美國的建國之父們作爲大英帝國的前殖民者沿襲了其法律系統。我們有“共同法”，即由法庭而非君主或其他像立法機關這樣的'中央政府權利機關制定的法律。陪審團由一羣選來裁決案件的普通公民組成，是我們共同法系統基本的組成部分。
使用陪審團裁決案件是美國法律系統的一個顯著特徵。在世界上很少有其他國家和美國一樣使用陪審團。幾個世紀以來，許多人已經相信在大多數情況下陪審團比許多國家那樣單獨使用一位法官達成的結果更公平、公正。因爲陪審團裁決案件是在一羣人“審議”或討論後，因此他們的決定可能受到不同背景的不同人的影響，這些人必須作爲一個團體來決定什麼是正確的。
陪審團既被用在裁決普通公民之間糾紛的民事案件中，也用在裁決政府提出訟訴聲稱個人犯罪的刑事案件中。陪審團成員從美國公民中選出並被傳喚。由固定人數組成的陪審團在每一個需要陪審團的案件中都會被召喚。
被指派負責案件的法官監督陪審團成員的選舉。在一些州，未來的陪審團成員由法官詢問，而在另一些州，他們遵照州法律規定的法規接受代表各方當事人的律師的詢問。
