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Adam Smith, writter in the 1770s, was the first peson to see the importance of the division of labor and to explain part of its advantage. He gives as an example the process which pins were made in England."One man draws out __1__ the wire, another strengthens it, a third cuts it, a fourth points it, a fifth grinds it at the top to prepare it to receive the make the head require two or three distinct operations. To__2__pur it on is a separate operation, to publish the pins is is even a trade by itself to put them into the paper. And the
important business of making pins are, in the manner, divided__3__into about eighteen distinct operations, which in some factories are all performed by different people, though in other the same __4__man will sometimes perform two of three of them." Ten men,Smith said, in this way, turned twelve pounds of pins a day or__5__about 4800 pins apiece. But if all of them had worked seperatel and dependently without division of labor, they__6__certainly could not each of them have twenty pins in a day and perhaps not even one. There can be no doubt that
division of labor, provide that it is not taken too far, is an __7__efficient way of organizing work. Fewer people can make more pins. Adam Smith saw this but he also took them for__8__granted that division of labor is in itself responsible for the economic growth and development and that it accounts __9__for the difference between expanding economies and those that stand still. But division of labor adds something new; it __10__only enables people to produce more of what they already have.
答案及解析：1.在which前面加上by
which的.先行詞是the process， 必須通過(by) the process生產pin。而不是the process本身
2. require—requires
主語爲不定式to make the head，謂語動詞應爲第三人稱單數一般現在時
3. are—is
主語爲the important business of
4. other—others
others是代詞，代指other factories
5. 在turned後加out
turn out 是習語，意爲“生產出.......”
6. dependently—independently
邏輯上應與上文的separately一致
7. provide—provided/providing = on condition(that)
意爲假設，倘若，引導條件句
8. them—it
習語take it for granted
9. 去掉the
抽象名詞在用來表示它的一般概念時常不用冠詞;即使前面有一段描繪性的定語，也多不加冠詞，growth 和development 正屬於抽象名詞
10. something—nothing
根據上下文，因爲“勞動分工”沒什麼新意
