託福寫作怎麼樣抓住主題段

寫作是托福考試的一大重點，但是要怎麼樣做才能更好的抓住作文的主題段呢?今天就讓小編帶你來看看抓住託福寫作主題段的方法，歡迎閲讀。

方法一：舉例----縮小範圍來論證。

如動物→鳥類，現代交通方式→飛機，上面的舉例是最簡單的形式，即對單個詞/短語，或説單個對象舉例。我們在獨立寫作中會遇到對單個對象的舉例，這也是大家都能做好的;但我們更常遇到的是需要對一個句子，或説多個對象互相聯繫而串成的觀點舉例的情況，這時我們就需要留意我們所舉的例子的有效性了。

舉例的基本原則：

a. 細節性原則----細於被舉例者。

b. 一致性原則----良好體現與要用舉例證明的觀點的一致對應關係，觀點中的重點信息應在例子中不多不少地體現。

舉例的具體操作方法:

粗舉，細舉，引調查，列數字。

(1)粗例----粗獷的例子

"粗例"即一類人、物或事，或一個公認事實的例子，説白了就是多數人都能認可的信息。尋找這類例子的時候比較輕鬆，只要在觀點中找出可以繼續細化的重點信息然後"narrow down"就可以了

觀點1： Employers are willing to pay a premium for highly qualified applicants.

粗例1： International companies desire bilingual employees and offer higher salaries to attract them.

"粗例"可以建立"面"對"線"的關係，但需要注意不能太空洞，同時也要控制使用的量;粗例子需要搭配因果分析、比較論證來使用，才能使整個段落更有血肉。

(2)細例----細緻的例子

"細例"就是具體到一個人、一個物，或一件事，可以是實際存在的，也可以無中生有。這類例子更加鮮活，更有説服力，通常也能佔據更長一些的篇幅，平時有意識地積累並靈活聯繫，寫起這類例子來才會更加得心應手。

a. 實際存在的，一方面，這類例子可以是身邊，家人、朋友、自己和身邊發生的一些事情;另一方面就是名人和一些被報道出來的“名事”了

觀點2： Mistakes serve as vivid, sometimes painful deterrents from certain action.

細例2： A friend of mine suffering from smoking-induced lung disease would remember the emotional and physical pain associated with the side-effects of tobacco usage. Not only does he recall the smell of hospitals, the imprint of pain on the face of someone who died from smoking, but he would also link these memories immediately with cigarettes.

觀點3： You cannot judge a person only by his or her appearance.

細例3： Susan Boyle is one of those. Such an appearance has long been rumored, but her incredible voice and stunning performance on BGT has won her great popularity.

b. 此外，"細例"的.無中生有就是假設論證，常用if，supposing等開頭

觀點4： Individuals play a significant role in alleviating traffic congestion.

細例4： If 30 people get on a public bus instead of 30 individual cars, there will be far fewer automobiles on the road, greatly easing the traffic burden.

"細例"可以建立"面"對"點"的關係，讀者容易理解，但也要注意不能太鬆散，應緊扣要證明的觀點，明顯突出觀點中的重點信息，寧缺毋濫;細例子有時自身的字數貌似就已經可以撐起一個段落，但即便如此也一定不能把例子描述完就完了，必要的動作是在最後加上一兩句總結或評論。

舉例子的方法除了上述的粗例和細例，有的時候還可以引用科學數據或者調查報告的結論。大家也可以在平時的練習中總結一些好的例子以備不時之需。

"When people succeed, it is because of hard work. Luck has nothing to do with success." Do you agree or disagree with the quotation above? Use specific reasons and examples to explain your answer.

參考分析：

指出可能導致人們成功的若干原因：誠實、睿智、幽默;執著;肯於做不喜歡的事情。

There is a humorous saying in English "The grass is always greener on the other side of the valley." The saying is used ironically to point out that there is a temptation in us all to insist that others are more fortunate than we are. This is nowhere more true than on the question of luck and hard work. When faced with the "bad times", we often find comfort in the idea that we are special in our degree of misfortune. I feel that such an attitude is negative, and that it can bring only further misfortune.

Many famously successful people have begun from small origins. Mao was the son of a (modestly prosperous) peasant; the explorer Captain Cook was so poor that, as a child, he had to work by day and study by night; many of the affluent Americans of today are the children of the poor immigrants of yesterday. Beethoven, it should be remembered, became deaf before the end of his career. There are many, many more people who have also made genuine, though Jess spectacular, successes against the odds.

Within his own terms, a person who is born into poverty in India is a great success if he manages to own a house in later life. Poverty cannot be reduced by merely complaining and blaming others: no matter how guilty other people are, each individual must reach out to success for himself. Indeed, some economists believe that the world operates by what they call "the rule of the jungle." They believe that in economics a person always attempts to gain profit from his neighbor: that given the chance the poor man would quickly make himself rich by trading to his own advantage.

Also, it is presumptuous to judge another according to his or her apparent fortune. No man can ever truly understand the sufferings of his neighbor. A man who appears comfortably rich may have suffered elsewhere in his life - through the death of a loved one, for example. Retired businessmen have often worked long hours in their youth. Surely, it must be wiser to respect achievement than to deny that anyone has achieved good in the world.

To rely on notions of luck - to believe that life is a kind of lottery - is an attempt to escape reality. Paradoxically, the only time a person can claim that luck is more important than work is when he reflects on his own success. Because of that modesty, the great man then becomes even greater.

Some people prefer to live in a small town. Others prefer to live in a big city. Which place would you prefer to live in? Use specific reasons and details to support your answer.

參考分析：

陳述自己的偏好，列出大城市和小城鎮的優缺點。

I grew up in a small town and then moved to a big city, therefore I have experienced the good and bad sides of both. I never thought that I would like living in a big city, but I was proved wrong. After ten years of living in one, I can't imagine ever living in a small town again.

Small towns and big cities both have some problems in terms of transportation, but in different ways. In a small town, you have to own a car to ensure a comfortable living. You can't get around without one because there isn't any kind of public transportation. Big cities generally have heavy traffic and expensive parking, but then you have a choice of taking public transportation. It's not free, but it's often cheaper than driving when you consider gas and insurance. Especially if you don't have a car, you're better off living in a city.

I love the excitement of big cities. Small towns have a slow pace. Large cities mean you have to adapt to a variety of situations, like finding a new route to work or trying a new restaurant. I enjoy that challenge very much. Another aspect of the excitement of city living is the variety of cultural activities available. There is a wide assortment of theatres, music and dance performances available in big cities. These things are rare in small towns.

The final thing I like about large cities is the diversity of the people. The United States is made up of people of different races, religions, abilities, and interests. However, you seldom find such a variety of people in a small US town. Living in an area where everyone is just like me would quickly make me bored. Of course, security is a concern, and that's one area where small towns are superior to big cities. Still, I would rather be a bit more cautious and live in a large city than to feel secure but bored in a small town.