過去完成時表示動作發生的時間是“過去的過去”,側重事情的結果。下面是小編為大家整理的八年級英語過去完成時用法的相關資料,僅供大家作參考使用。
八年級英語過去完成時用法一.用法
1. 過去完成時表示一個動作或狀態在過去某一時間或動作之前已經完成或結束,即發生在"過去的過去"。如:
When I woke up, it had stopped raining.
我醒來時,雨已經停了。(主句的動作發生在"過去的過去")
2. 過去完成時是一個相對的時態,表示的是"過去的過去",只有和過去某一時間或某一動作相比較時才使用它。如:
He told me that he had written a new book. (had written 發生在 told 之前 )
3. 過去完成時需要與一個表示過去的時間狀語連用,它不能離開過去時間而獨立存在。此時多與 already , yet , still , just , before , never 等時間副詞及 by , before , until 等引導的短語或從句連用。
如:Before she came to China, Grace had taught English in a middle school for about five years.
Peter had collected more than 300 Chinese stamps by the time he was ten.
4. 過去完成時表示某一動作或狀態在過去某時之前已經開始,一直延續到這一過去時間,而且動作尚未結束,仍然有繼續下去的可能。
如: By the end of last year, he had worked in the factory for twenty years. ( had worked 已有了 20 年,還有繼續進行下去的可能)
二.過去完成時與一般過去時的區別
雖然這兩種時態都表示過去發生的動作或存在的狀態,但在使用時應注意以下幾點:
1. 時間狀語不同:過去完成時在時間上強調"過去的過去";而一般過去時只強調過去某一特定的時間。試比較:
They had arrived at the station by ten yesterday.
They arrived at the station at ten yesterday.
2. 在沒有明確的過去時間狀語作標誌時,謂語動詞動作發生的.時間先後須依據上下文來判斷:先發生的用過去完成時,後發生的則用一般過去時。如:
She was very happy. Her whole family were pleased with her, too. She had just won the first in the composition competition.
3. 當兩個或兩個以上接連發生的動作用 and 或 but 連接時,按時間順序,只需用一般過去時來代替過去完成時;另外,在 before , after , as soon as 引導的從句中,由於這些連詞本身已經表示出時間的先後,因此也可以用過去時來代替過去完成時。如:
He entered the room, turned on the light and read an evening paper.
I (had) called her before I left the office.
八年級英語過去完成時的判定由"過去的過去"來判定。
過去完成時表示"過去的過去",是指過去某一動作之前已經發生或完成的動作,即動作有先後關係,動作在前的用過去完成時,在後的用一般過去時。這種用法常出現在:
( 1 )賓語從句中
當賓語從句的主句為一般過去時,且從句的動作先於主句的動作時,從句要用過去完成時。在told, said, knew, heard, thought等動詞後的賓語從句。如:
She said that she had seen the film before.
( 2 )狀語從句中
在時間、條件、原因、方式等狀語從句中,主、從句的動作發生有先後關係,動作在前的,要用過去完成時,動作在後的要用一般過去時。如:
When I got to the station, the train had already left.
After he had finished his homework, he went to bed.
注意: before, after 引導的時間狀語從句中,由於 before 和 after 本身已表達了動作的先後關係,若主、從句表示的動作緊密相連,則主、從句都用一般過去時。如:
Where did you study before you came here?
After he closed the door, he left the classroom.
( 3 )表示意向的動詞,如hope, wish, expect, think, intend, mean, suppose等,用過去完成時表示"原本…,未能…"
We had hoped that you would come, but you didn't.