試題一
American mythology loves nothing more than the reluctant hero: the man -- it is usually a man -- whose natural talents have destined him for more than obliging obscurity. George Washington, we are told, was a leader who would have preferred to have been a farmer. Thomas Jefferson, a writer. Martin Luther King, Jr., a preacher. These men were roused from lives of perfunctory achievement, our legends have it, not because they chose their own exceptionalism, but because we, the people, chose it for them. We -- seeing greatness in them that they were too humble to observe themselves -- conferred on them uncommon paths. Historical circumstance became its own call of duty, and the logic of democracy proved itself through the answer.
在美式神話中, 主角通常是那些不知不覺中成爲的英雄: 一般而言,他就是一個人, 因稟賦異常, 註定此生不能默默無聞。華盛頓原本更願意當農民,而不是領導國家; 傑弗遜, 曾立志要成爲一名作家; 而馬丁路德只是一名牧師.據說是公衆要求他們不能敷衍塞責，埋沒才華; 是我們要求這些偉人必須要振作起來，追求卓越。我們選擇了他們，是因爲我們看到他們的偉大，---儘管他們謙虛地認爲自己並不出衆— 是我們把他們推上了不尋常的人生道路。換言之，歷史境遇和民主體制造就了這些英雄。
Neil Armstrong was a hero of this stripe: constitutionally humble, circumstantially noble. Nearly every obituary written for him this weekend has made a point of emphasizing his sense of privacy, his sense of humility, his sense of the ironic ordinary. Armstrong's famous line, maybe or maybe not so humanly flubbed, neatly captures the narrative: One small step for [a] man, one giant leap for mankind. And yet every aspect of Armstrong's life -- a life remembered for one act of bravery but distinguished ultimately by the bravery of banality -- made clear: On that day in 1969, he acted on our behalf, out of a sense of mission that was communal rather than personal. The reluctant hero is also the self-sacrificing hero. The reluctant hero is the charitable hero.
阿姆斯特朗就這種類型的英雄，個性謙卑的他響應時代的號召，成爲人類的英雄。本週末，幾乎只要是他的訃告，都會提到：阿姆斯特朗深居簡出、爲人謙虛，以至於讓他的平凡變得具有諷刺意味。 他的著名格言，傳神地概括了他的壯舉，他可能和所有人一樣犯錯：我的一小步代表了人類的'一大步。人類將銘記他的勇敢，但因爲他如此毫無顧忌地承認自己的平庸，讓他此生並不平凡。1969年的某一天，他代表整個人類完成的使命。不情願的英雄同時還具有勇於犧牲的精神，仁慈寬厚。
試題二
Since 1750, the world has seen four industrial revolutions. The first one took place in Britain; and China missed the boat. The second one occurred in the latter half of the 19th century; and China missed the boat. The third one was driven by the revolution in communication technology in the second half of the 20th Century. This time, Chinese leaders realized that it was a historic moment of change, and China caught the wave.
從1750年以來，世界進行了四次工業革命：第一次就是英國工業革命，中國失去了機會。第二次是十九世紀下半葉美國的工業革命，中國也同樣失去了機會。第三次工業革命，是20世紀後半葉出現的信息革命。當時中國的領導人敏銳地認識到了這一重大歷史變化，中國抓住了這次信息革命的重大機遇。
The 21st century is receiving the Fourth Industrial Revolution-the Green Revolution, symbolized by this global move to reduce emission. This time, we hope that China can be the innovator, the leader and driver running head-to-head with the U.S., Europe and Japan. To achieve this, China has to accomplish two things transition from a high carbon economy to a low carbon economy; second, participation in global governance. i.e., to shift its focus from national governance to regional and global governance.
進入二十一世紀，人類迎來了第四次工業革命——綠色工業革命。可以說這一次全球減排，就是綠色工業革命的標誌。我們希望這一次工業革命中國要成爲領導者、創新者和驅動者，和美國和歐盟和日本站在同一起跑線上領導這場革命。今後中國領導人面臨兩大迫切問題：一是如何實現中國經濟轉型，即從高碳經濟轉向低碳經濟;二是如何參與全球治理，即從國家治理轉向地區治理、全球治理。
