學習英語最基本的是要讀準單詞的音標，以下是英語單詞發音的規則和概念。
英語單詞發音規則
開閉音節的概念
開音節
1)以發音的元音字母結尾的單節。 例：be，he。
2)以輔音字母(r 除外)+不發音的e結尾的音節。 例：make，like。
* 在重讀的開音節中元音字母按字母名稱讀音。
閉音節
以一個或幾個輔音字母(r 除外)結尾而中間只有一個元音字母的音節，稱爲閉音節。例：map，desk，is。
* 在重讀的閉音節中元音字母讀做短元音。
一、元音字母在重讀音節中的讀音
元音字母 讀音例詞
a 在開音節中 [ei] name plane Jane baby cake
在閉音節中 [æ] bag dad hat map black back
e 在開音節中 [i:] he these me Chinese
在閉音節中 [e] bed let pen desk yes egg
i 在開音節中 [ai] bike fly drive time nice kite
在閉音節中 [i] fish big drink sit milk swim
o 在開音節中 [ou] those close go hoe home no
在閉音節中 [C] clock not box shop sock
u 在開音節中 [ju:] student excuse duty Tuesday
在閉音節中 [∧] bus cup jump much lunch
在開音節中，元音字母u在輔音字母j l r s後面時讀[u:]音，例如：June blue ruler super
二、元音字母在非重讀音節中的讀音
元音字母 讀音例詞
a [E]E China another woman breakfast
[i] orange comrade village cabbage
e [E] hundred student open weekend
[i] chicken pocket begin children
i [E]/[i] holiday beautiful family animal
[ai] exercise satellite
o [E] second tonight somebody welcome
[Eu] also zero photo
u [E] autumn difficult
[ju:] popular congratulation January
動詞中的a如果處在開音節位置，a讀[ei]音，例如：operate
u處在開音節位置，又在輔音字母j l r s後面時，讀[u(:)]音，例如：July influence February issue
在非重讀音節中，許多單詞中的元音字母a e i 即可以讀作[E]音，也可以讀作[i]音。
三、元音字母在重讀音節中的特殊讀音
元音字母 讀音例詞
a在[w]音後面 [C] want what watch wash quality
a在f n sk ph sp ss st th前 [α:] after plant graph ask grasp glass fast father
i在-nd -ld和gh前 [ai] find child light high
o在-st -ld前 [ou] most postcard old cold
o在m n v th前 [∧] come monkey love mother
四、-r音節元音字組在重讀音節中的讀音
元音字組 讀音例詞
ar
ar在[w]音後面 [α:] car farm dark sharpener
[C:] warm quarter towards
or
or在[w]音後面 [C:] forty morning short
[E:] word worker worse
er ir ur [E:] certainly bird Thursday
輔音字母r雙寫時，前面的'元音字母不能與r構成-r音節,而是按重讀閉音節的拼讀規則發音。
例如： carry sorry hurry -r音節在非重讀音節中通常讀[E]音，例如：dollar teacher martyr forget Saturday
五、-re音節元音字組在重讀音節中的讀音
元音字組 讀音例詞
are [εE] care dare hare
ere [iE] here mere
ire [aiE] fire hire wire
ure [juE] pure cure
are ere ire ore很少出現在非重讀音節中，ure在非重讀音節中讀[E]音，例如：picture pleasure
重讀元音字母加Rr，再加非重讀元字組時，重讀元音字母應按-re音節拼讀規則拼讀，字母Rr讀[r]音。
例如：parent zero story during inspirng
某些常用詞及多音節詞經常出現長音短化現象。
例如：orange very American paragraph
六、元音字組在重讀音節中的讀音
元音字組 讀音例詞
ai/ay [ei] afraid rain wait day play
air [εE] air hair chair pair repair
alal在f m前 [C] small ball talk wall all
[C:l] always also salt almost
[α:] half calm
au/aw [C:] autumn daughter draw
ea [i:] teach easy cheap please
[e] heavy bread sweater weather
[ei] break great
ear [iE] hear dear near clear year
[εE] bear pear wear swear
[E:] earth learn early
ee [i:] jeep week green three
eer [iE] pioneer deer beer
ei/ey [ei] eight neighbour they
[i:] either key
eu/ew在
j l r s後 [ju:] new few newspaper
[u:] flew brew jewelry
ie/ei[s]音之後 [i:] piece field receive
oa [ou] coat Joan boat goal
oar/oor [C:] roar board door floor
oi/oy [Ci] noise point boy toilet
oo [u:] broom food tooth school
[u] book look cook foot good
ou/ow [au] flower house count down
[ou] know row throw though
[∧] young country enough
[u:] group you soup
our [C:] course your four
[auE] our hour ours
[E:] journey
ui
在j l r s後 [ju:i] fluid suicide tuition
[u:] juice fruit suit
七、非重讀音節中元音字組和字羣的讀音
元音字組或字羣 讀音例詞
ai/ay ei/ey [i] Sunday foreign monkey
ow [ou] yellow sparrow tomorrow
元音字組在非重讀音節中讀[E]音或[i]。
例如:neighbour serious famous biscuit coffee
-sion -tion [Fn] impression nation
-sion在元音字母后 [Vn] vision decision occasion
-tion在s後 [tFEn] question suggestion
-sten [sn] listen
-stle [sl] whistle
-sure [VE] pleasure measure
-ture [tFE] picture culture
八、元字組在複合詞非重讀音節中的讀音
複合詞中的第二部分不標註重音符號，但其中的元音字母或元音字組仍按重讀音節拼讀規則拼讀。
例如：
everyday[ei] handbag[æ] blackboard[C:]
有些詞隨着語言的發展，前後兩部分已失去其單獨存在的意義，融合成爲一個詞。其中的非重讀部分要按非重讀音節的讀音規則發音。
例如：
sun太陽 + day[ei]日子 > Sunday[i] 星期天
holy神聖 + day[ei]日子 > holiday[i] 假日
break中斷 + fast[α:]齋戒 > breakfast[E] 早餐
cup茶杯 + board木板[C:] > cupboard[E] 碗櫃
九、輔字組的讀音
輔字組 讀音例詞
b [b] bike bus bag
[/] bomb tomb
c c在e前或在i/y前 [k] cake picture coat music
[s] face decide cinema
ch [tF] much chick rich teacher
[k] school headache chemistry
[F] machine
-ck [k] cock pocket black knock
d [d] doctor bread hand day
-dge [dV] bridge fridge
dr- [dr] children driver drink
f [f] five four breakfast
g g在e i/y前 [^] bag garden go
[dV] orange large German
gh [f] cough enough
[/] light daughter high
gu- -gue
gu在非重讀音節中 [^] guess league dialogue
[^w] language anguish
h [h] hot head house hand
[/] hour honest
j [dV] jeep jar joke join July
k [k] kind bike skate make week
kn- [n] knife know knock
l [l] life milk school tall
m [m] monkey come autumn
-mn [m] autumn column solemn
n n在[k] [g]音前 [n] not shine ten note
[N] uncle thank hungry
-ng [N] morning young wrong
p [p] paper plane pig ship pen
ph [f] elephant photo telephone
q [k] Iraq
qu- [kw] quality quite
r [r] red rubber ruler
s 在詞首或清輔音前 元音字母間或濁輔音前 [s] sit sleep desk
[z] music husband
sc- [sk] scarlet
[s] muscle science
sh [F] she fish shirt wash
t 在通常情況下在弱讀字母ia ie io前 [t] ten letter meet
[F] patient nation
tch [tF] watch
th在通常情況下
在冠詞 代詞 介詞 連詞中
在詞尾-the -ther中 [θ] thin thirty method
[T] the these with than
[T] clothe fathe r weather
tr- [tr] tree train country truck
v [v] very voice love leave
w [w] week win wake sweet wait
[/] Answer two
wh-
wh-在字母o前 [w] what when white why
[h] who whose whole
x 在重讀元音前 [ks] box text exercise
[gz] example exist exact
wr- [r] write
y [j] yes yard yellow young
z [z] puzzle zero zoo
單詞劃分規律口訣
輔音原音爲一組，
沒有元音輔單獨。
元音開頭元單獨，
其他還按正常讀。
遇組合算一個，
最後牢記慢拼讀。
單詞讀音記憶法
1看元輔
2找組
3劃音節
4標註
5要(切末)牢記慢拼讀
單詞發音要點口訣
短音要點：短快彈
長音要點：長粘慢
雙圓音要飽滿
輔音結尾輕輕談
