英語四級翻譯模擬試題及解析

孫武是春秋末期(the late Spring and Autumn Period)傑出的軍事家(strategist)。他所著的《孫子兵法》 (Sun Zi's Art of War)是中國古代最著名的兵書,也是世界上現存最早的兵書。《孫子兵法》現存13篇,共 6000字。在這不長的篇幅中,孫武全面論述了自己對戰爭的看法,提出了諸如知彼知己、集中優勢兵力打敗敵人等許多作戰思想。《孫子兵法》已被譯爲多種文字,在世界上也享有很高的聲譽。

英語四級翻譯模擬試題及解析

  參考譯文:

Sun Wu was an outstanding strategist in the lateSpring and Autumn Period. His work, Sun Zi's Art ofWar, was the most famous work of military sciencein ancient China, also the earliest one existing in theworld. Sun Zi's Art of War consists of 13 this limited space, Sun Wu elaborated his wide-ranging views on war. He put forward many military philosophies, such as knowing yourself andknowing your enemy, and concentrating superior force to thoroughly defeat the enemy. SunZi's Art of War has been translated into many different languages and enjoys a highinternational reputation.

  題目解析

1.在第2句中,兩個並列的謂語部分較長,因此定語“他所著的”不宜再後置,而採用“減詞”譯法把“所著”省略,用hiswork也能表達原意。翻譯“是……,也是……”結構時,可以承前省略第2個系動詞be,將 “也是......”的內容作爲同位語,使句子更簡潔明瞭。

2.第2句中的“世界上現存最早的兵書”用了兩個定語“世界上現存的”和“最早的”,英語表達中習慣將表動作的'定語後置,故將“世界上現存的”表達爲existing in the world作後置定語。

3.第3句中的“《孫子兵法》現存13篇,共6000字”這個句子中,如果逐字對譯“現存13篇”爲exist 13chapters,用英文語義不通,而應意譯爲consists of 13 chapters。同時用現在分詞短語amounting to6,000 Chinese characters作伴隨狀語來補充說明,表達更爲緊湊。

4.最後一句中的“在世界上享有很高的聲譽”中的狀語“在世界上”可轉換成形容詞international,使行文更流暢。“享有”譯爲enjoy表現出了英語的韻味。