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【典例分析】
【例1】 理解主旨、要義(Know about the main idea)
任何一段對話或獨白總是圍繞一個主旨或者一箇中心展開的。有時,主旨和要義比較明確;有時則會貫穿整個對話或獨白,須我們自己去歸納、概括。
M: I hope it’ll be fine tomorrow. I’m going boating with Tom.
W: Oh, I think it will be fine.
M: Yes, I beard it on the radio.
What are the two speakers talking about ?
A.A fine boat.
r friend, Tom.
weather.
【例2】獲取事實性的具體信息(Understand detailed factual information)
爲了說明和解釋主旨,對話或獨白中需要具體信息,如時間、地點、人物等。這些信息是理解和把握對話主旨必不可少的內容,是聽力考查的重點項目。
M: Well, I wondered why the office is still not open.
W: But it’s not yet eight. In fact, it’s only a quarter to eitht.
At what time does the office open?
A.7:45
B. 8:15
C.8:00
【例3】 對背景、說話者之間的關係能作出簡單的推斷(Inferring the background and relationship between the speakers)
對話或獨白髮生的`背景及說話者之間的關係對話語的含義有舉足輕重的作用。對說話背景、說話者之間關係的理解程度,在一定程度上可以體現一個人對口語的理解能力,因而是聽力考查的重點項目。
常提的問題是:
What’s the relationship between the speakers?
What can we learn from the dialogue?
M: Excuse me, Madam.
W: Yes?
M: Does this bus go to Zhongshan Road?
W: Yes, I think so.
M: Thank you.
W: You're welcome.
What is the relationship between the speakers?
are friends.
are strangers.
are brother and sister.
【例4】 理解說話者的意圖、觀點或態度(Understand the speakers’ intention, views and attitude)
一般說來,說話者總會有其意圖,或提出問題,回答問題,或闡述自己的想法或意見。這在很大程度上有助於對整個對話的理解。有時,說話者的意圖或觀點是明說出來的,有時則隱含在對話的句裏行間,需聽者去揣摩、推斷。
常提的問題是:
What’s the most probable result of the conversation?
What can we know about the man( woman)?
W: Can I help you?
M: Yes, I bought this radio two days ago, but I’m afraid it doesn’t work. I’d like to change it for another one.
W: Oh, dear. Yes, of course. Have you got your receipt?
M: Yes, here it is.
W: Thank you. Just a moment, please.
What is the most probable result of the conversation?
A. The man got this radio repaired.
B. The man got a new receipt.
C. The man got a new radio.