導語：決定自1999年開始，實行全國專業技術人員職稱外語等級統一考試。考試設英語、日語、俄語、德語、法語和西班牙語6個語種，下面是英語部分的相關練習題，大家一起來看看吧。
Superconductor Ceramic (陶瓷)
An underground revolution begins this winter. With the flip (輕擊) of a switch, 30,000 homes in one part of Detroit will soon become the first in the country to receive electricity transmitted by ice-cold high-performance cables. Other American cities are expected to follow Detroit's example in the years ahead, which could conserve enormous amounts of power.
The new electrical cables at the Frisbie powe.r station in Detroit are revolutionary because they are made of superconductors. A superconductor is a material that transmits electricity with little or no resistance. Resistance is the degree to which a substance resists electric current. All common electrical conductors have a certain amount of electrical resistance. They convert at least some of the electrical energy passing through them into waste heat. Superconductors don't. No one understands how superconductivity works. It just does.
Making superconductors isn't easy. A superconductor material has to be cooled to an extremely low temperature to lose its resistance. The first superconductors, made more than 50 years ago, had to be cooled to -263 degrees Celsius before they lost their resistance. Newer superconducting materials lose their resistance at -143 degrees Celsius.
The superconductors cable installed at the Frisbie station is made of a ceramic material that contains copper, oxygen; bismuth(鉍 ), strontium(偲 ), and calcium( 鈣 ). A ceramic is a hard, strong compound made from clay or minerals. The superconducting ceramic has been fashioned into a tape that is wrapped lengthwis.e around a long tube filled with liquid nitrogen. Liquid nitrogen is supercold and lowers the temperature of the ceramictape to the point where it conveys electricity
with zero resistance.
The United States loses an enormous amount of electricity each year to resistance. Because cooled superconductors have no resistance, they waste much less power. Other cities are watching the Frisbie experiment in the hope that they might switch to superconducting cable and conserve power, too.
is the benefit of the revolution mentioned in the first paragraph?
A. With a flip of swish, electricity can be transmitted.
B. Other American cities can benefit from the high-perfo ——rraance cables.
C. Great amounts of power can be conserved.
D. Detroit will first receive electricity transmitted by the new electrical cables.
ared to common electrical conductors, superconductors
A. have little or no electrical resistance.
B. can be used for a long time.
C. are not energy-efficient.
D. can be made easily.
what temperature does the superconducting ceramic lose its resistance?
A. -143 degree Celsius.
B. -263 degree Celsius.
C. As long as it is ice-cold.
D. Absolute zero.
element enables the ceramic tape to lower its temperature?
A. Copper.
B. Liquid nitrogen.
C. Clay.
D. Calcium.
rding to the last paragraph, which of the following statements is NOT true?
A. Other cities hope they can also conserve power.
B. Other cities hope they can use superconducting cables soon.
C. Superconductors waste less power because of their low resistance.
D. The Fribie experiment is not successful.
1.c。細節題。題幹：第一段中提及的這場革命的好處是什麼?利用題幹關鍵詞可以定位到第一段的最後一句，儘管A、B、D的內容都在第一段中被提及，但不是這場革命所帶來的主要利益。
2.A。細節題。題幹：與傳統的普通電導體相比，超導體__________。第二段的.第二句和第四句提供了明確的答案：超導體幾乎沒有電阻，而普通導體都有一定的電阻。故選A。
3.A。細節題。題幹：在什麼溫度下，超導體失去電阻?利用題幹關鍵詞可以定位到第三段最後一句，由該句可知答案爲A。B是50年前第一代超導體的溫度數。C和D都不是正確的說法。
4.B。細節題。題幹：什麼因素使得ceramic tape能降低溫度?利用題幹關鍵詞可以定位到第四段第四句，由該句可知答案爲B。A和D中的copper和calcium是用來製造超導體的陶瓷材料的成分;C中的clay是陶瓷材料的來源。
5.D。細節題。題幹：根據最後一段所述，下列說法哪一項是不對的?A、B、C三個選項的信息在最後一段中都提到了，只有選項D的意思沒提到，故選D。
