2017專四英語完形填空考前複習題

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2017專四英語完形填空考前複習題

In the second half of the twentieth century, many countries of the South began to send students to the industrialized countries for further education. They(36)needed supplies of highly trained personnel to(37) a concept of development based on modernization. But many of these students decided to stay on in the developed

countries when they had finished their training.

In the 1960s, some Latin American countries tried to solve this problem by setting up special "return"programs to encourage their professionals to come back home. These programs received support from international bodies such as the International Organization for Migration, which in 1974enabled over 1,60038scientists and technicians to return to Latin America.

In the 1980s and 1990s, "temporary return" programs were set up in order to make the best use of trained personnel(39)strategic positions in the developed countries. This gave rise to the United Nations Development Program's Transfer of Knowledge through Expatriate Nationals, which encourages technicians and scientists to work in their own countries for short periods. But the brain drain from these countries may well increase in(40) to the new laws of the international market in knowledge.

Recent studies (41) that the most developed countries are going to need more and more highly qualified professionals around twice as many as their educational systems will be able to produce, or so it is thought. As a (42)there is an urgent need for developing countries which send students abroad to give(43)to fields where they need competent people to give muscle to their own institutions, instead of encouraging the training of people who may not come back because there are no professional outlets for them. And the countries of the South must not be content with institutional structures that simply take back professionals sent abroad; they must introduce(44)administrative procedures to encourage them to return. If they do not do this, the brain drain is(45)to continue.

A. forecast

B. flexible

C. neutrally

D. preference

chM

F. bound

G. implement

H. consequence

I. qualified

J. dismissing

K. result

pying

M. urgently

N . skeptical

O . response

20世紀下半葉,很多發展中國家開始把本國學生送往工業化國家深造。他們[36]迫切需要大批訓練有素的專業人才以[37]落實基於現代化的發展觀。

20世紀60年代。一些拉美國家設法通過設立專門的“迴歸”項目,鼓勵其專業人才回國,以使這個問題得到解決。這些項目得到了諸如國際移民組織等國際機構的支持,因此,1974年,1600多位[38]合格的科學家和技術人員得以回到拉丁美洲。

在20世紀80~90年代,“暫時性迴歸”項目得以設立,旨在使那些在發達國家[39]擔任戰略性職位的專門人才人盡其用。這也促使聯合國發展計劃署設立了“外僑傳遞知識”項目。該項目鼓勵技術人員和科學家在自己的祖國進行短期的工作。但是[40]  由於知識界國際市場的新法則,這些國家的人才流失或許會更加嚴重。

最近的研究[41]預測,最發達的國家將會需要越來越多的高素質專業人才,所需人數大概是其教育系統所能培養的人才的兩倍。或者也可以說,人們是這麼認爲的。[42]因此派學生出國留學的發展中國家急需向那些需要有能力的人來加強其體系的領域[43]傾斜,而不是鼓勵培養那些由於找不到專業出路而有可能不回國的人。並且發展中國家不應該只滿足於那種簡單地把派往海外的專業人才送回國的體制結構,而是必須要引進[44]靈活的管理程序以鼓勵留學生回國。如果它們不這樣做,人才流失問題[45] 必定會繼續存在。

36.M

語法判斷:分析句子主幹可知,該空前後是一個完整的句子,結合所給選項可知,該空缺少一個副詞來修飾後面的'謂語動詞needed。

語義判斷:符合上述語法條件的只有兩個選項,neutrally意爲“中立地”,urgently意爲“迫切地,緊急地”。此處是指“他們迫切需要大批……”,故只有urgently符合文意,故選M。

37.G

語法判斷:分析句子主幹可知,該空前面是一個完整的句子,這裏需要一個動詞原形與前面的to構成動詞不定式,並和後面的名詞concept(理念)一起作前面的賓語personnel(人才)的補足語。

語義判斷:符合上述語法條件的有四個選項,forecast意爲“預報,預測”,detach意爲“分離;使超然”,bound意爲“束縛;劃定界限”,implement意爲“完成,實現”。此處是指“需要大批人才落實(或實現)……發展觀”,故只有implement符合文意,故選G。

38.I

語法判斷:分析句子主幹(which…enable…to returnto…)可知,該空所在的句子是一個由which引導的非限制性定語從句,這裏需要一個形容詞作定語修飾後面的賓語scientists and technicians(科技人員)。

語義判斷:符合上述語法條件的選項有四個,flexible意爲“有彈性的;靈活的”,bound意爲“受約束的;有義務的”,qualified意爲“合格的”,skeptical意爲“懷疑的”。結合句意可知,只有quafified(合格的)符合這裏的表達。故選I。

39.L

語法判斷:分析句子主幹可知,該空前面是個完整的句子,這裏需要一個現在分詞與後面的strategic positions in the developed countries一起作前面的personnel的定語,以補充說明它前面的personnel。

語義判斷:符合上述語法條件的選項有兩個,dismissin9意爲“解僱;解散”,occupyin9意爲“佔據;任職”。結合句意可知,只有occupying(任職)符合這裏的表達,故選L。

40.O

語法判斷:分析句子主幹可知,該空前面是個完整的句子,即主謂結構(brain drain…increase),主謂結構後面是一個介詞短語(in——to the new laws of the international market in knowledge)作狀語修飾謂語動詞increase。通過分析此短語可知,in和to之間缺少一個名詞。

語義判斷:符合上述語法條件的選項有四個:preference意爲“更喜歡,偏愛”,response意爲“反應”,consequence和result意爲“結果”。注意到response(&應)構成的介詞短語in responseto爲常用搭配.意爲“對……的反應”,符合句意,因此選項O是正確答案。

41.A

語法判斷:分析句子主幹可知,該句缺少一個謂語動詞,空格後爲that引導的賓語從句。

語義判斷:結合37題的“語義判斷”以及該空後面賓語從句中的將來時態are going to可知,只有動詞forecast(預測)符合這裏的句意。所以正確答案是A。

42.K

語法判斷:分析句子主幹可知,該空後面是一個therebe結構的完整句子,判斷此處爲作狀語成分的介詞短語as a__________。分析此短語可知,as a後缺少一個單數名詞。

語義判斷:結合40題的“語義判斷”,只有result(結果)構成的介詞短語as a result(因此)符合這裏的表達.故正確答案是K。

43.D

語法判斷:分析句子結構可知,該空所在的位置是一個由which引導的定語從句,修飾前面的countries,而該空和其前的動詞9ive一起構成動詞不定式結構to give__________to fields where…owninstitutions,作它前面send students abroad的補足語。通過分析短語give__________to可知,空格處應填入一個名詞。

語義判斷:結合40題和42題的“語義判斷”,只有preference(偏愛 )構成的動詞短語give preference to(對……偏愛)符合這裏的句意,因此D是正確答案。

44.B

語法判斷:分析句子主幹可知,該空缺少一個形容詞,和administrative一起作定語修飾後面的賓語procedures。

語義判斷:符合上述語法條件的選項有四個,結合38題的“語義判斷”可知,flexible(靈活的)符合這裏的句意,因此B是正確答案。

45.F

語法判斷:空格前爲句子主語brain drain和系動詞is,空格後爲動詞不定式to continue。由此可知,本句的謂語結構不完整。這裏缺少一個形容詞和is構成系表結構。

語義判斷:在剩下的單詞中,符合語法條件的選項有:現在分詞dismissing和形容詞flexible、bound、skeptical。結合38題的“語義判斷”和句意可知只有bound符合語境,beboundto爲常用搭配,意爲“一定,必定”,指人才流失問題必定會繼續存在,故選F。