一到中年，就有許多不愉快的現象，眼睛昏花了，記憶力減退了，頭髮開始禿脫而且變白了，意興，體力，什麼都不如年青的時候，常不禁會感覺到難以名言的寂寞的情味。下面是小編分享的英譯散文《中年人的寂寞》賞析，歡迎閱讀!
《中年人的寂寞》
Mid-life Loneliness
夏丐尊
Xia Mianzun
我已是一箇中年的人。一到中年，就有許多不愉快的現象，眼睛昏花了，記憶力減退了，頭髮開始禿脫而且變白了，意興，體力，什麼都不如年青的時候，常不禁會感覺到難以名言的寂寞的情味。尤其覺得難堪的是知友的逐漸減少和疏遠，缺乏交際上的溫暖的慰藉。
I am already a middle-aged man. At middle age, I feel sad to find my eyesight and memory failing, my hair thinning and graying, and myself no longer mentally and physically as fit as when I was young. I often suffer from a nameless loneliness. The most intolerable of all is the lack of friendly warmth and comfort due to the gradual passing away and estrangement of more and more old pals.
要點:
1,“一到中年”譯爲At middle age，翻譯中介詞和動詞之間的互動也是值得注意的，如“美國在追求世界霸權時，經常侵犯他國人權”=In pursuit of world hegemony, the U.S. has frequently violated the human rights of other countries.
2,fail是個多義詞，在不同情境下有着不同含義，最常見的就是“失敗”其他翻譯中的常見意思還有“未做到(fail to do)””辜負”此處意爲“衰退”
3，“頭髮禿脫”意爲“頭髮變少”此處用的thin十分形象
4，“意興，體力，什麼都不如年青的時候”=“身體和和精神頭都不如年輕的時候好”轉換說法~
5，nameless=indescribable,但nameless通常來指不好的事情，文學翻譯中還常見一個needless,常用在”needless to say”(不消說)
6，逐漸減少
不消說，相識的人數是隨了年齡增加的，一個人年齡越大，走過的地方當過的職務越多，相識的人理該越增加了。可是相識的人並不就是朋友。我們和許多人相識，或是因爲事務關係，或是因了偶然的機緣——如在別人請客的時候同席吃過飯之類。見面時點頭或握手，有事時走訪或通信，口頭上彼此也稱爲“朋友”，筆頭上有時或稱“仁兄”，諸如此類，其實只是一種社交上的客套，和“頓首”“百拜”同是儀式的虛僞。這種交際可以說是社交，和真正的友誼相差似乎很遠。
Needless to say, the number of acquaintances increases with one's age. The older one gets, the more widely traveled one is and the more work experience one has, the more acquaintances one is supposed to have. But not all acquaintances are friends. We come to know many people either in the way of business or by mere chance –say, having been at the same table at a dinner party. We may be on nodding or hand-shaking terms, call each other "friend", sometimes write to each other with the salutation of "Dear So-and-So", etc., etc. All these are, in fact, nothing but civilities of social life, as hypocritical as the polite formula dunshou (kowtow) or baibai (a hundred greetings) used after the signature in old-fashioned Chinese letter-writing. We may call them social intercourse, but they seem to have very little in common with genuine friendship.
要點：
1，“一個人年齡越大，走過的地方當過的職務越多，相識的人理該越增加了”，這是一個比較句，基本結構是“the more…the more…”，如：“愈是顏色豔麗的花愈缺少芬芳。”譯爲The showier the flowers are, the less sweetness they have.
2，“我們和許多人相識，或是因爲事務關係，或是因了偶然的機緣…”譯爲“We come to know many people either in the way of business or by mere chance –say, having been at the same table at a dinner party. ”其中in the way of,意爲“爲了，關於，以…的方法”表示此處的“因了”
3，We may be on nodding or hand-shaking terms，on terms,中的“be on…terms with”意爲“與…是什麼關係”，term與terms 在意思上有所區別前者可做“術語，時期，時限”，後者意爲“條款，條件，關係”注意區分~
4，“筆頭上稱”= write to each other with the salutation of "Dear So-and-So"，還有一種說法表示“筆頭上的”即be written~如Many things have been written and said of the natural beauty and charms of Los Angeles.(洛杉磯的自然之美以及吸引力使它獲得了許多來自筆頭以及口頭上的褒獎。)written單獨也可表示“筆頭上，口頭上，書面上的”，如“written homework”書面作業
5，“和‘頓首’‘百拜’同是儀式的虛僞”，“頓首”，“百拜”用釋義譯法譯爲dunshou (kowtow) or baibai (a hundred greetings) used after the signature in old-fashioned Chinese letter-writing.這種譯法常出現於文學翻譯中。
6，相去甚遠=have little in common with, little 表示“甚少”的用法又粗現啦~
真正的朋友，恐怕要算“總角之交”或“竹馬之交”了。在國小和中學的時代容易結成真實的友誼，那時彼此尚不感到生活的壓迫，入世未深，打算計較的念頭也少，朋友結成全由於志趣相近或性情適合，差不多可以說是“無所爲”的，性質比較地純粹。
Real friendship between two persons originates perhaps from the time of life when they were children playing innocently together. Real friendship is easily formed in primary or middle school days when, being socially inexperienced and free from the burden of life, you give little thought to personal gains or losses, and make friends entirely as a result of similar tastes and interests or congenial disposition. It is sort of "friendship for friendship's sake" and is relatively pure in nature.
要點：
1，“總角之交”或“竹馬之交”採用意譯法處理。譯爲Real friendship between two persons originates perhaps from the time of life when they were children playing innocently together.
2，涉世未深=being socially inexperienced and free from the burden of life
3,打算計較的念頭也少=“不計較個人得失”=give little thought to personal gains and losses,注意這裏的Little又出現了哦，表示“少”。
4，“朋友結成全由於志趣相近或性情適合”，這裏的“由於”譯爲了as a result of,這種替換because of 的用法也值得積累~
5，“差不多可以說是‘無所爲’的”譯爲It is sort of "friendship for friendship's sake"中對於“無所爲”的理解應是“無條件的，無目的的”，故採用了句式for…one’s sake(爲了…),意爲“爲了友誼而友誼”,也就是無條件無目的的'友誼~在冰心的《話說短文》中有句“爲了寫作而寫作”譯爲“if one writes simply for the sake of writing”也顯示了這個意思。
二十歲以後結成的友誼，大概已不免攙有各種各樣的顏色分子在內;至於三十歲四十歲以後的朋友中間，顏色分子愈多，友誼的真實成分也就不免因而愈少了。
Friendship among people in their 20's, however, is more or less colored by personal motives. And friendship among those aged over 30 becomes correspondingly still less pure as it gets even more colored.
1，“大概已不免攙有各種各樣的顏色分子在內”=“或多或少都加入了個人動機”譯爲is more or less colored by personal motives，注意colour在此的動詞用法，沒想到吧~~這就是文學用詞的靈活性
2，aged over做後置定語表示“…歲以上的”，如: There are 21 million people aged over 50 in Britain.英國年過五十的人有兩千一百萬。
3，“顏色分子愈多，友誼的真實成分也就不免因而愈少了”這裏的“愈…愈…”並沒有譯爲the more ,the more結構，體現了文學翻譯句式的靈活性，值得我們借鑑!
這並不一定是“人心不古”，實可以說是人生的悲劇。人到了成年以後，彼此都有生活的重擔須負，入世既不許你不打算，結果彼此都“鉤心鬥角”，像七巧板似地只選定了某一方面和對方去接合。這樣的接合當然是很不堅固的，尤其是現代這樣什麼都到了尖銳化的時代。
Though this is not necessarily due to "degeneration of public morality", I do have good reasons to call it the tragedy of life. People at middle age, with the heavy burden of life and much experience in the ways of the world, have more scruples about this and that, and cannot choose but become more calculating in social dealings till they start scheming against each other. They always keep a wary eye, as it were, on each other in their association. Such association is of course fragile, especially in this modern age of prevailing sharp conflicts.
