2016託福寫作需避免的錯誤

託福作文也需要不斷的練習與積累,爲了幫助考生們更加有效的備考託福,yjbys網小編爲大家提供2016託福寫作需避免的錯誤,希望考生們能有所收穫。

2016託福寫作需避免的錯誤

 1. 懸垂修飾語(Dangling Modifiers)

所謂懸垂修飾語是指句首的短語與後面句子的邏輯關係混亂不清。例如:At the age of ten, my grandfather died. 這句中"at the age of ten"只點出十歲時,但沒有說明“誰”十歲時。按一般推理不可能是my grandfather, 如果我們把這個懸垂修飾語改明確一點,全句就不那麼費解了。在託福寫作中出現這種錯誤的`考生,基本上都需要在基礎上下很大的功夫。

改爲:When I was ten, my grandfather died。

例. To do well in college, good grades are essential。

剖析:句中不定式短語 “to do well in college” 的邏輯主語不清楚。

改爲:To do well in college, a student needs good grades。

 2. 句子不完整(Sentence Fragments)

在口語中,交際雙方可藉助手勢語氣上下文等,不完整的句子完全可以被理解。可是書面語就不同了,尤其是在像托福考試這樣的寫作中,句子結構不完整會令意思表達不清。這種情況常常發生在主句寫完以後,考生又想加些補充說明時發生。

例. There are many ways to know the society. For example by TV,radio,newspaper and so on。

剖析:本句後半部分“for example by TV,radio,newspaper and so on.”不是一個完整的句子,僅爲一些不連貫的詞語,不能獨立成句。

改爲:There are many ways to know society,for example,by TV,radio,and newspaper。

 3. 綜合性語言錯誤(Comprehensive Misusage)

所謂“綜合性語言錯誤”,是指除了上述十種錯誤以外,還有諸如時態,語態,標點符號,大小寫等方面的錯誤。

例y, Money to everybody is very importance, our’s eat, cloth, live, go etc。

改爲:Today,to everybody,money is very important for it can affect every part of our life,like food,cloth,transport etc。

 4. 不間斷句子(Run-on Sentences)

什麼叫run-on sentence?請看下面的例句。

例1. There are many ways we get to know the outside world。

剖析:這個句子包含了兩層完整的意思,“There are many ways”,以及“We get to know the outside world”。簡單地把它們連在一起就不妥當了。

改爲:There are many ways for us to learn about the outside world. 或,There are many ways through which we can become acquainted with the outside world。

  5. 累贅(Redundancy)

言以簡潔爲貴。寫句子沒有一個多餘的詞;寫段落沒有一個無必要的句子。託福寫作評分標準中也是明確的表明了要使文章儘量簡潔,能用單詞的不用詞組;能用詞組的不用從句或句子。如:In spite of the fact that he is lazy, I like him。

本句的“the fact that he is lazy”系同謂語從句,我們按照上述“能用詞組的不用從句”可以改爲:In spite of his laziness, I like him。

例1. For the people who are diligent and kind, money is just the thing to be used to buy the thing they need。

剖析:整個句子可以大大簡化。

改爲:Diligent, caring people use money only to buy what they need。

 6. 措詞毛病(Troubles in Diction)

Diction是指在特定的句子中如何適當地選用詞語的問題,在大家學習英語的時間裏,英語教師平時在這方面花的時間往往極其有限,影響了學生在寫作中沒有養成良好的推敲,斟酌的習慣。所以直接的後果就是考生們往往隨心所欲,想到什麼就用什麼,結果託福作文中用詞不當的錯誤比比皆是。

例. The increasing use of chemical obstacles in agriculture also makes pollution。(農業方面化學物質使用的不斷增加也造成了污染。)

剖析:顯然,考生把obstacles“障礙”,“障礙物”誤作substance“物質”了。另外“the increasing use(不斷增加的使用)” 應改爲“abusive use(濫用)”。

改爲:The abusive use of chemical substances in agriculture also causes/leads to pollution。