閱讀部分是GRE考試的一個難點，考生要多注意一些難句的語法結構。下面就讓本站小編給大家分享GRE閱讀中難句的具體語法結構吧，希望能對你有幫助!
GRE閱讀語法之否定句結構
英語的否定句的否定範圍具有不同的情況，也就具有不同的語義，所以在遇到否定句時，一定要分清其否定的範圍，找準否定的對象。例如，The ambassador did not leave London to take up an appointment in Africa.可以翻譯爲：1)大使沒有離開倫敦到非洲去就職。2)大使不是爲了到非洲就職而離開了倫敦的。發生這種情況時，只能根據上下文才能得出正確 的理解，排除歧義。
此外從語法來看，not與動詞謂語連用時，是否定謂語動詞的，no與名詞連用時，是否定名詞的。但從否定重心來看有時卻並非如此。 如，Don’t give up because it is difficult.只能理解爲：不要因爲困難就放棄。此外，不定代詞中的every, all, both以及副詞always, quite,與否定詞結合時，不是全部否定，而是部分否定，不是“全不是”而是“不全是”。這些都是必須要注意的問題。
But we can hardly guess what the world will look like to men and women with several generations of communism behind them, who take the brotherhood of man for granted, not as an ideal to be aimed at, but a fact of life, and yet know that this brotherhood was only achieved by ghastly struggles.
句子解析：hardly表示不完全的否定，what引導的是guess的賓語從句，而who引導的是them的定語從 句，not as an ideal to be aimed at, but a fact of life這裏用到了not…but…不是…而是…的結構，yet表示輕微的轉折，在know後的that引導的是其賓語從句。
句子翻譯：但對曾有過幾代共產主義思想的人們來說，將來的世界看上去將是什麼樣子，人們還很難作出推測。現在人們總是把他們之間的手足之情看作是理所當然的事，認爲生活本身就是這樣，而不是當作理想的目標來看待。然而他們知道這種手足之情只有通過巨大的努力才能得到。
綜上所述，想成功的突破GRE閱讀難句，我們需要紮實的語法知識，瞭解gre邏輯閱讀作者表達的思路。
GRE閱讀文章的分類GRE閱讀理解文章的三要素：主題詞、作者態度、理論的缺點或者作者的結論。
GRE考試閱讀文章大致可以分爲如下幾類，閱讀過程中重要掌握的是整體文章要表達的觀點，對於細節題目要注意回到原文定位，重點把握整體邏輯結構。下面是對於文章結構把握和關鍵詞的一些要點：
現象解釋型：文章開頭提出一個現象，後面的內容都圍繞這個現象進行解釋。
重點：主題把握。作者對於這個現象給出的正負評價，別人對現象的評價，作者對現象的評價和作者最後是否給出了支持與否的態度。正負評價要從一些關鍵詞蘊涵的傾向性上來判斷。
現象的把握。這個現象講的到底是什麼。
理論的處理。用什麼樣的例證和結構闡述了這個現象。
問題解答型：文章提出了某種費解的問題，然後後面列舉一系列的研究對此問題進行解決，有可能各個研究之間得出相同或者相悖的結論，最終可能對問題提出瞭解決方法也可能沒有任何結論。作者在此過程中會對各個研究給予一定的評價。
重點：文章主題。包括1問題本身2作者綜合各個研究給出的解答。
理論和解決方法的把握。各個理論的主旨，都提出了什麼解決方法。其中關鍵詞，作者的態度要注意。
態度。可能有1否定態度2肯定某個研究或者整體研究的態度3對所有研究解答都沒有給出態度。4未給出評價卻明顯指出瞭解決問題的方法。
l新老代替型：文章開始的時候提出一個理論，然後後面又提出一個新的理論。典型的特點是，1老的觀點一般都是人們普遍認爲正確的，被人們廣泛接受的觀點，2首句是完成時或者過去時引導：had
done，did，有traditionally、long been known
等3新老理論針對相同對象給出不同解釋，並且能夠把新觀點的論述過程獨立出來看成一個問題解答型或者論點說明型文章。
重點：作者態度。作者對於新觀點一般持支持態度，但也不排除有例外。
理論把握。針對的對象是什麼，新老理論對於對象的論述有什麼不同，也就實說新理論的不同之處就是作者支持的原因。
論點說明型：文章開始就提出一個論點，而不是現象，也就是會出現判斷句：什麼是什麼，或者什麼是因爲什麼原因引起的。特點：1有be動詞或者remain這類系動詞引導的判斷句出現在第一段某處。(系表結構)
重點：態度把握。對於任何一個表示主要態度的句子做到“從前不從後”，也就是說速讀的時候關鍵點放在後面的態度上，不管前面出現什麼樣的態度詞，後面的態度纔是作者的主要態度。
主題句。以主題詞(也就是可以用來命名理論的代表性詞)出現的句子作爲文章的主題句。
結構。文章一般以總—分方式進行論述。要注意總論點和分論點之間的關聯，各個分論點可能是從多個方面來論述支持總論點的，或者乾脆就是把總論點提到的各個方面進行一番論述。
技巧。文章每段第一句話是重點，一定要讀懂，後面的細節內容可以在遇到問題的時候再回原文找。重點是把握每個段落都在講什麼，以便回頭找的時候方便迅速。
GRE閱讀練習題及答案Visual recognition involves storing and retrieving memories. Neural activity, triggered by the eye, forms an image in the brain‘s memory system that constitutes an internal representation of the viewed object. When an object is encountered again, it is matched with its internal representation and thereby recognized. Controversy surrounds the question of whether recognition is a parallel, one-step process or a serial, step-by-step one. Psychologists of the Gestalt school maintain that objects are recognized as wholes in a parallel procedure: the internal representation is matched with the retinal image in a single operation. Other psychologists have proposed that internal representation features are matched serially with an object‘s features. Although some experiments show that, as an object becomes familiar, its internal representation becomes more holistic and the recognition process correspondingly more parallel, the weight of evidence seems to support the serial hypothesis, at least for objects that are not notably simple and familiar. (151 words)
12. The author is primarily concerned with
(A) explaining how the brain receives images
(B) synthesizing hypotheses of visual recognition
(C) examining the evidence supporting the serial-recognition hypothesis
(D) discussing visual recognition and some hypotheses proposed to explain it
(E) reporting on recent experiments dealing with memory systems and their relationship to neural activity
For the following question consider each of the choices separately and select all that apply
13. According to the passage, Gestalt psychologists make which of the following suppositions about visual recognition?
A A retinal image is in exactly the same forms as its internal representation.
B An object is recognized as a whole without any need for analysis into component parts.
C The matching of an object with its internal representation occurs in only one step.
答案：
1 Visual recognition involves storing and retrieving memories.
視覺識別包括儲存和取回記憶。
2 Neural activity, triggered by the eye, forms an image in the brain‘s memory system that constitutes an internal representation of the viewed object.
眼睛激發的神經活動，在大腦的'記憶系統中形成一幅圖像，由被觀察對象在腦內呈現的畫面組成。
3 When an object is encountered again, it is matched with its internal representation and thereby recognized.
當對象再次出現在視野，與腦內畫面吻合，就會被辨識。
4 Controversy surrounds the question of whether recognition is a parallel, one-step process or a serial, step-by-step one.
現在爭論的焦點是，識別過程到底是並行的，一步完成的還是串行的，分多步完成的。
5 Psychologists of the Gestalt school maintain that objects are recognized as wholes in a parallel procedure: the internal representation is matched with the retinal image in a single operation.
G學校的心理學家堅稱，對象是被作爲一個整體識別的，過程是並行的：腦內圖像與視網膜圖像的匹配，是一步到位的。
6 Other psychologists have proposed that internal representation features are matched serially with an object‘s features.
其他心理學家則認爲，腦內圖像特徵與觀察對象特徵的匹配，是逐步完成的。
7 Although some experiments show that, as an object becomes familiar, its internal representation becomes more holistic and the recognition process correspondingly more parallel, the weight of evidence seems to support the serial hypothesis, at least for objects that are not notably simple and familiar. (151 words)
即便有些實驗顯示，隨着觀察對象越來越熟悉，它的腦內圖像越來越整體化，而識別過程也相應變得越來越同時完成，但大量證據似乎支持串行假設，至少對於那些明顯不簡單不熟悉的對象是這樣。
(holistic 整體論的(holism)，強調整體的重要性而不可分割的，強調整體分析而忽略部分分析的)
12. The author is primarily concerned with
(A) explaining how the brain receives images
(B) synthesizing hypotheses of visual recognition
(C) examining the evidence supporting the serial-recognition hypothesis
(D) discussing visual recognition and some hypotheses proposed to explain it
(E) reporting on recent experiments dealing with memory systems and their relationship to neural activity
選 D
A 大腦如何接受圖像，沒在解釋這個。
B 的確綜合了兩種假設，但前面還有其他內容，B 項忽略了句 1、2、3。
C 只有句 7 的一部分而已。
D 討論了視覺識別過程，以及解釋這個過程的兩種假設。
E 只是在瞎聊。
For the following question, consider each of the choices separately and select all that apply
13. According to the passage, Gestalt psychologists make which of the following suppositions about visual recognition?
□A A retinal image is in exactly the same forms as its internal representation.
□B An object is recognized as a whole without any need for analysis into component parts.
□C The matching of an object with its internal representation occurs in only one step.
選 BC
A 無法判斷是否完全一樣，G 校學者只是認爲這個過程是一蹴而就的，完全有理由懷疑 G 學者們並不排斥，“ image和presentation的一部分吻合就已經完成了recognition，仍然是 one step procedure ” 的看法。
B 符合句 5 描述的推測。
C 符合句 5 描述的推測。
句 5：
Psychologists of the Gestalt school maintain that objects are recognized as wholes in a parallel procedure: the internal representation is matched with the retinal image in a single operation.
