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Section 1 English-Chinese Translation (英譯漢) (60 points)
Parents are required by law to see that their children receive full-time education, at school or elsewhere, between the ages of 5 and 16 in England, Scotland and Wales and 4 and 16 in Northern Ireland. About 93 percent of pupils receive free education from public funds, while the others attend independent schools financed by fees paid by parents.
Many, aged 3—4 years, children attend nursery schools and classes (or, in England, reception classes in primary schools)-school education may also be provided in some private day nurseries and pre-school playgroups (which are largely organized by parents).
The Government has stated its commitment to a major expansion of pre-school education and wants all children to begin school with a basic foundation in literacy and numeracy. From September 1998 it is providing free nursery education in England and Wales for all 4 year olds whose parents want it, and is committed to staged targets for provision for 3 year olds thereafter. Local education authorities, in partnership with private and voluntary providers, have drawn up“early years development plans” for securing these objectives. The plans are designed to show how co-operation between private nurseries, playgroups and schools can best serve the interests of children and their parents. From April 1999, early years development partnerships and plans will be expanded to deliver quality childcare integrated with early education. In addition, the Government is working with local authorities and others in England to establish “early excellence centers” designed to demonstrate good practice in education and childcare.
In Scotland, local education authorities have been taking the leading role, from August 1998, in planning and coordinating pre-school education and in providing places, working in partnership with voluntary and private providers. The Government planned to give all children in the pre-school year access to quality, part-time education by the winter of 1998.
Northern Ireland has a lower compulsory school age of 4 and a single school entry date in September each year. A pre-school education expansion programme, undertaken through partnership between the education and library boards, other statutory providers and the private and voluntary sectors, has provided additional pre-school places.
Section 2 Chinese-English Translation (漢譯英) (40 points)
向一位著名的女作家祝賀她八十歲壽辰，這樣的機會是不多的，所以我去年十月五日到冰心家裏去的時候，心情非常激動。我解釋說希望她給我講一下她是怎樣成爲詩人的。“我已有多年沒有寫詩了，”她微笑說，“可是我還是愛讀好詩。”
冰心很幸運地有鼓勵她學習和寫作的父母。一九一九年她在北京一所女子學院唸書時，一個事件改變了她生命的整個道路。那就是五四運動，一個由北京學生髮動的愛國民主運動。羣衆遊行抗議的場面給她以深刻的印象。她投身於鬥爭中，並被學生會任命負責宣傳工作。她寫了詩歌、文章和故事，以抨擊帝國主義和各種形式的封建主義。
她在1923年到美國去學文學，在旅途中和在美國居留中寫下了她的感受。這些都收在一個集子裏出版，就是《寄小讀者》。這本書使她聲譽突起。這不僅是因爲她是一位女作家，而是因爲書中的高尚的情操。有不少較年輕的'作家說，是冰心的作品使他們走上了其後所走的道路。
ection 1 英譯漢 (60分)
按照法律規定，在英格蘭、蘇格蘭和威爾士，家長一定要使自己的孩子在5歲至16歲期間在學校或其它地方接受全日制教育，在北愛爾蘭則爲4歲至16歲。大約93%的學生享受公家提供經費的免費教育，其他學生上獨立學校，這種學校靠學生家長繳費來籌措經費。
許多三、四歲的孩子上幼兒園和幼兒班(在英格蘭還有國小校裏的小班)。某些民辦的日托幼兒園和學前遊戲小組(大都是家長組織的)也提供學前教育。
政府已作出承諾，要大力發展學前教育，使所有的兒童在開始上學的時候在識字和識數方面都有一點基礎。在英格蘭和威爾士，政府從1998年9月開始爲所有4歲的孩子提供免費幼兒教育，如果他們的父母需要的話。政府還承諾，隨後要分階段實現爲三歲的孩子提供免費幼兒教育的目標。爲達到這些目標，地方教育當局與民間志願辦學者合作，已制定出“早期教育發展計劃”。制訂這類計劃意在表明民辦幼兒園、遊戲小組和學校可以怎樣通過合作來最好地爲孩子和家長服務。從1999年4月起，早期教育發展組織和發展計劃將擴大範圍，以提供與早期教育相結合的優良的兒童保健。此外，政府還在英格蘭與地方當局以及其它部門合作建立“優秀早期教育中心”，以展示教育與兒童保健方面的好的做法。
在蘇格蘭，地方教育當局一直領導這方面的工作。1998年8月以來，他們與民間志願辦學者合作，進行規劃，協調學前教育，提供更多名額。政府計劃在1998年冬季前使所有的兒童在上學前一年享受到良好的非全日制教育。
北愛爾蘭義務教育入學年齡較低，爲4歲，每年9月學生按統一日期入學。一項由教育局與圖書館管理局、其它法定辦學單位和民間志願辦學者聯合執行的學前教育發展計劃已經增加了學前教育學生的名額。
Section 2 漢譯英(40分)
It isn’t often that one has the chance to congratulate a noted woman writer on her 80th birthday. So on October 5 last year，when I went to Bing Xin’s house，I felt very excited. I explained that I hoped she would tell me something about how she became a poet. “I haven’t written poetry for many years,” she said smiling. “But I still love to read good poetry.”
Bing Xin was fortunate to have parents who encouraged her to study and write. When she was attending a women’s college in Beijing in 1919，an event occurred which changed the whole course of her life. That was the May 4th Movement，a patriotic democratic movement started by students in Beijing. The mass demonstrations made a deep impression on her. She threw herself into the struggle and was put in charge of publicity by the Student Union. She wrote poems，articles and stories，attacking imperialism and feudalism in its various forms.
Going to the U.S. in 1923 to study literature，she wrote down her impressions on the way and during her stay there. These were published in the collection To Little Readers. The book brought her instant fame，not only because she was a woman writer，but also because of the noble sentiments in the book. Quite a few younger writers say it was Bing Xin’s writings that started them on the road they have since followed.
