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The term biological clock is applied to the means which living __1__things adjust their activity patterns, without any obvious cue, the __2__ time of day, or the month, or the year. They are affected but little,if at all, by drugs, chemicals, or wide temperature differences—factors may alter substantially the rates of all ordinary processes of __3__the body.
The nature of the biological clocks mechanism is still a mystery __4__two quite different theories have been advanced to account to __5__them. According to the first of these theories, each individual have envolved, aided by natural selection, an adaptation to the rhythmic __6__environment. It has now become independent on the environment __7__according to this view, the clocks are not perfect timers.
They require regular corrections by the natural light and tide cycles and the changed lengths of the day throughout the year. __8__The other theory holds up living things react continuously to __9__their rhythmic physical environment. The setting of their biological clocks, therefore, involves a constant adjustment to subtle clocks which are potential perfect times. __10__
答案:
1.^which—by
by the means of 指“通過……方式”，如果吧means作爲先行詞，後面定語從句就要有by，這句話意思是“生物鐘指的是生物調節其行爲的方式”。
2.^the time – to
adjust A to B 指A適應B，這句指“在沒有任何提示的情況下，是自己的行爲方式適應外界的時間”。
ors^--which/ that
這是一個定語從句，修飾factors，which/that做主語不能省略。
ks—clock’s
(第二個)--for
account for意思是explain，爲固定詞組。
6.^an—as
這句話意思是“這些是由於對規律環境的適應進化而來的'”。
—of
be independent of 意思是“獨立於……，不依賴……”
ged—changing
文章要表達的是“變化着的長度”，應該用現在分詞。
9. up去掉或者將up改爲that
hold本身就有“持……觀點”的意思。
10. potential—potentially
part 2One question is often risen in response to international __1__test comparisons: Do these results really mean anything? In the past, international testing programs have been criticized on variety of grounds. Two allegations, in particular, have __2__been common: first, that other nations have not tested as large a percentage of their student population, and nevertheless their __3__
scores have been inflated; and second, that our best students are among the world’s best, with our average brought down by a __4__large cohort of low-achievers.
Whatever the historic validity of such concerns, they are now, __5__if anything, reversed. Particularly in the fourth and eighth grade,education has become universal in all of the leading efore, in science, the percentage of randomly selected __6__U.S. schools and students that actually did participate at the eighth-grade level was just 73 percent—the third-lowest of all
45 participating countries, and 11 percentage points under the __7__United States had third-lowest overall participation rate for both __8__grades in both subjects. Japan, Taiwan and Singapore all had participation percentages in the 90s.
How about our best and brightest? At the fourth-grade level,there is some real truth to the idea that the best American students __9__are among the best in the world. Looking only at the top 5 percent of test-takers, American fourth-graders beat the average of wealthy nations by 13 percentage points. By the eighth grade, however, the tables have turned, with America’s brightest students fallen to __10__percentage points behind their foreign peers.
答案:
1. risen—raised
提出問題應該用及物動詞raise
2. ^variety—a
A variety of 爲固定搭配
rtheless—hence/thus/consequently
根據上下文，這裏應該用表示結果關係的連接詞，而不是轉折關係的連接詞
4.^brought—being
這裏應該用表示被動的現在分詞短語做獨立主格結構
oric—historical
Historic是“歷史上著名的;與過去時代有關的”這裏應該用historical是“歷史上的”
efore—Moreover/Furthermore
這裏應該用表示遞進關係的連接詞，而不是結果關係的連接詞。
r—below
低於平均值多少百分點用介詞below
8.^third—the
序數詞前應該用定冠詞the
--/
real 多餘，應刪除
en—falling
應該用現在分詞作獨立逐個結構
