英漢兩種語言在句法、詞彙、修辭等方面均存在着很大的差異，因此在進行英漢譯時必然會遇到很多困難，需要有一定的翻譯技巧作指導。下面，是小編爲大家搜索整理的2017年英語專八考試翻譯模擬練習，希望能給大家帶來幫助!更多精彩內容請及時關注我們應屆畢業生考試網!
增譯法：指根據英漢兩種語言不同的思維方式、語言習慣和表達方式，在翻譯時增添一些詞、短句或句子，以便更準確地表達出原文所包含的意義
這種方式多半用在漢譯英里。漢語無主句較多，而英語句子一般都要有主語，所以在翻譯漢語無主句的時候，除了少數可用英語無主句、被動語態或“There be…”結構來翻譯以外，一般都要根據語境補出主語，使句子完整。英漢兩種語言在名詞、代詞、連詞、介詞和冠詞的使用方法上也存在很大差別。英語中代詞使用頻率較高，凡說到人的器官和歸某人所有的或與某人有關的事物時，必須在前面加上物主代詞。因此，在漢譯英時需要增補物主代詞，而在英譯漢時又需要根據情況適當地刪減。英語詞與詞、詞組與詞組以及句子與句子的邏輯關係一般用連詞來表示，而漢語則往往通過上下文和語序來表示這種關係。因此，在漢譯英時常常需要增補連詞。英語句子離不開介詞和冠詞。另外，在漢譯英時還要注意增補一些原文中暗含而沒有明言的詞語和一些概括性、註釋性的詞語，以確保譯文意思的完整。總之，通過增譯，一是保證譯文語法結構的完整，二是保證譯文意思的明確。
如：
(1) What about calling him right away? 馬上給他打個電話，你覺得如何? (增譯主語和謂語)
(2) If only I could see the realization of the four modernizations. 要是我能看到四個現代化實現該有多好啊! (增譯主句)
(3) Indeed， the reverse is true. 實際情況恰好相反。 (增譯名詞)
(4) Even the people in the fascist countries were stripped of their human rights. 就是法西斯國家本國的人民也被剝奪了人權。 (增譯物主代詞)
(5) While the magistrates were free to burn down house， the common people were forbidden to light lamps. 只許州官放火，不許百姓點燈。 (增譯連詞)
(6) 這是我們兩國人民的又一個共同點。 This is yet another common point between the people of our two countries. (增譯介詞)
(7) 在人權領域，中國反對以大欺小、以強凌弱。 In the field of human rights， China opposes the practice of the big oppressing the small and the strong bullying the weak. (增譯暗含詞語)
(8) 三個臭皮匠，合成一個諸葛亮。 Three cobblers with their wits combined equal Zhuge Liang the mastermind. (增譯註釋性詞語)
希望以上的例句能幫助大家更好地理解增譯法，並應用於今後的翻譯實踐中。
追憶往事
中文原文：
老太太總以自家花園裏那棵高大的`玫瑰樹爲榮。她非常喜歡告訴別人，數年前她初次結婚時從羅馬帶回來的枝條，是如何長成如今這般高大的。那時，她與丈夫乘馬車從羅馬旅行歸來(那時還沒有火車)，途經錫耶那南部的崎嶇路段時，馬車壞了，他們被迫就宿於路邊的小屋裏。住宿條件當然非常差;她一夜未能安眠，一早便起身穿好衣服，立於窗前，感受着撲面而來的席席涼風，等待着黎明的到來。事隔多年，她仍然記得那情景。明月高懸在青山羣巒之上，遠處山峯上的小鎮逐漸明亮起來，月亮慢慢消退，晨曦把羣山塗得粉紅。突然之間，一束陽光照亮了城鎮。城裏的窗戶相繼明亮起來，反射出耀眼的光芒。最後，整個小城宛若繁星，在天空中不停閃爍。
參考譯文：
The old lady had always been proud of the great rose-tree in her garden, and was fond of telling how it had grown from a cutting she had brought years before from Italy, when she was first married. She and her husband had been travelling back in their carriage from Rome ( it was before the time of railways ) and on a bad piece of road south of Siena thecarriage had broken down, and had been forced to pass the night in a little house by the road-side. The accommodation was wretched of course; she had spent a sleepless night, and rising early had stood, wrapped up, at her window, with the cool air blowing on her face, to watch the dawn. She could still, after all these years, remember the blue mountains with the bright moon above them, and how a far-off town on one of the peaks had gradually grown whiter and whiter, till the moon faded, the mountains were touched with the pink of the rising sun, and suddenly the town was lit as by an illumination, one window after another catching and reflecting the sun' beam, till at last the whole little city twinkled and sparkled up in the sky like a nest of stars.
進取的幸福
中文原文：
正是因爲不停地追求進取，我們才感到生活幸福。一件事完成後，另一件隨之而來，如此連綿不絕，永無止境。對於往前看的人來說，眼前總有一番新天地。雖然我們蝸居於這顆小行星上，整日忙於瑣事且生命短暫，但我們生來就有不盡的希望，如天上繁星，遙不可及。只要生命猶在，希望便會不止。真正的幸福在於怎樣開始，而不是如何結束，在於我們的希翼，而並非擁有。
參考譯文：
We live in an ascending scale when we live happily, one thing leading to another in an endless series. There is always a new horizon for onward-looking men, and although we dwell on a small planet, immersed in petty business and not enduring beyond a brief period of years, we are so constituted that our hopes are inaccessible, like stars, and the term of hoping is prolonged until the term of life. To be truly happy is a question of how we begin and not of how we end, of what we want and not of what we have.
