2018年專八英語翻譯考試題漢譯英練習

把學問過於用作裝飾是虛假;完全依學問上的規則而斷事是書生的怪癖。以下是小編爲大家搜索整理的2018年專八英語翻譯考試題漢譯英練習,希望對正在關注的您有所幫助!更多精彩內容請及時關注我們應屆畢業生考試網!

2018年專八英語翻譯考試題漢譯英練習
  part 1

人的一生好比馬拉松賽跑。人人都有最後一圈,這一圈通常屬於人生道路漫長的老人。七老八十的人,穿過艱難的世途,穿過芸芸衆生,穿過重重障礙,於是到了人生的最後一圈。

這一圈路程有長有短,跑得有快有慢。有的人穩健有力,從容不迫;有的人歪歪扭扭,步子不正;有的人拖拖沓沓,蹣跚不前。也有跑入歪道的人,或跑不快還要擋道的人,或不按競賽規則亂跑的人,都是註定要失敗的。

誰能跑好這最後一圈,誰就是勝利者。

  背景介紹

本篇選自著名散文家何爲的隨筆《最後一圈》。作者把人生的晚年比作馬拉松長跑的最後一圈,鼓勵老年人保持晚節,跑好最後一圈,力求老有所爲,發揮餘熱。文章條理清晰,但翻譯上的一些細節做來並非易事,如原文四字格的'翻譯,便是本篇的難點。

  難點解析

1. 好比:be likened to。

2. 人生道路漫長的老人 :意譯爲 “the aged who have already seen much of life”。

3. 七老八十的人 :譯爲 “septuagenarian and octogenarians”比 “someone whose age is in the seventies or eighties”更爲簡潔。

4. “穿過艱難 的世途 ,穿過芸芸衆生 ,穿過重重障礙”這三個排 比是此篇 的難點之一 , 不可直譯 ,須意譯 ,且注意動詞 “穿過”的三種不 同表達 。

5. 穿過艱難 的世途 :即 “經歷迂 回曲折或艱難 的人生之旅” ,故譯爲 “experiencing the twists and turns of life’s j ourney” (twists and turns 是成語 ,意爲 “迂 回曲折”、 “艱難” )。

6. 穿過芸芸衆生:即“遇見各式各樣的人”,故譯爲 “meeting human beings of all descriptions ”。

7.穿過重障礙:即“經受一次又一次的險阻礙”,故譯爲“going through one obstacle after another”。

8. 第二段 四字格翻譯較多,是本篇翻譯的另一個難點。“穩健有力,從容不迫”譯爲 “run with firm and steady steps and self-possession (self-possession:the trait of resolutely controlling your own behaviour沉着,泰然自若 )。

9. 歪歪扭扭,步子不正:譯爲“run very unsteadily and out of step”(out of step作“步調不一致”、“不合拍”解)。

10. 拖拖沓沓 ,蹣跚不前 :譯爲“be sluggish and run with faltering steps”(sluggish :行動遲緩的、遲鈍的;faltering :unsteady in speech or action 蹣跚的、支吾的 )。

11. 跑入歪道:意譯爲 “resort to dishonest practices”(resort to:依靠,求助於;訴諸 )。

12. 誰能跑好這最後一 圈 :譯爲 “Whoever acquits himself well on the last lap ”(acquit oneself well :表現 良好 )。

  參考譯文

Human life can be likened to the marathon race. All people, especially the aged who have already seen much of life, have the last lap. Septuagenarians and octogenarians are on the last lap of their lives after experiencing the twists and turns of life’s j ourney, meeting human beings of all descriptions and going through one obstacle after another.

The last lap may be long or short; the runners may be fast or slow. Some may run with firm and steady steps and self-possession; some may run very unsteadily and out of step; some may be sluggish and run with faltering steps. What is worse, some may resort to dishonest practices; some, being slow themselves, may purposely stand in the way of others; some may run without adhering to the rules of the competition. Such people are doomed to failure.

Whoever acquits himself well on the last lap is a winner.

選自 《英譯中國現代散文選3 》

  part 2

一個人生活在世上,就好像水泥攪拌器裏的石子一樣,運轉起來之後,身不由己。使我們感覺到,不是某一個人的問題,而是社會問題,而是文化問題。耶穌臨死的時候說:“寬容他們!他們做的他們不知道。”年輕時候讀這句話,覺得稀鬆平常,長大之後,也覺得這句話沒有力量。但是到了我現在這個年齡,才發現這句話多麼深奧,多麼痛心。使我想到我們中國人,成了今天這個樣子,我們的醜陋,來自於我們不知道我們醜陋。我到愛荷華,我們夫婦的經費是由愛荷華大學出一半,再由私人捐助一半,捐助一半的是愛荷華燕京飯店老闆,一位從沒有回過中國的中國人裴竹章先生,我們從前沒見過面,捐了一個這麼大的數目,使我感動。他和我談話,他說:“我在沒有看你的書之前,我覺得中國人了不起,看了你的書之後,才覺得不是那麼一回事,所以說,我想請你當面指教。”

  背景介紹

《醜陋的中國人》是臺灣作家柏楊先生的著名作品,其實是一部他在各地以《醜陋的中國人》爲題演講的合集。作者指出中國傳統文化有一種濾過性疾病,這種疾病使我們的子子孫孫受感染,到今天也不能痊癒。這篇雜文雖不如魯迅先生的雜文來得犀利,但是更爲深刻,翻譯時要注意用詞。

  難點解析

1. “一個人生活在世上 ……”:這裏 “一個人生活在世上” ,無需譯成 “when people live in this world”, 只需要翻譯成“life is like...”,這樣更顯簡練。

2. 運轉起來之後:這裏用“toss”更好,因爲是在水泥攪拌器裏,“toss”更能體現出攪拌的意味。

3. 身不由己:這裏的意思是身處社會中,人失去對自己的控制 ,所以用 “loses control of its own existence”更爲貼切。

4. “使我們感覺到,不是某一個人的問題,而是社會問題,而是文化問題。”:在這句話的翻譯中,作者增譯 “I could cite similar analogies”以此作爲強調。“不是 ……而是 ……”可以使用 “not ...”句型 ,中文喜用散句 ,而英文喜用整句 ,故此句可合譯爲一句話 : “The conclusion I always come to is that the problems of the Chinese people are not individual but rather social and cultural problems.”。

5. 耶穌臨死的時候說:“寬容他們!他們做的他們不知道。”:聖經中多用簡單詞彙;所以即使沒有讀過聖經,也可以譯出。全句譯爲:Before he died, Jesus said, “Forgive them, for they know not what they do”。

6. “年輕時候讀這句話 ,覺得稀鬆平常……”: “稀鬆平常”如果翻譯成 “common things”則太顯平淡,如用兩個形容詞“bland”和“frivolous”表明“稀鬆”和 “平常”則更奪人眼球。

7.“……這句話沒有力量” :說 明作者覺得上述所言缺乏實質 ,不能給人力量 ,故可譯爲 “lacked substance”,如若譯成: “statement lacks power.”則顯得不地道 。

8.“但是到了我現在這個年齡”:此句中“到了我現在這個年齡”如若譯成 “when it comes to my age”略顯累贅,只需譯爲“now”就可以了。

9. “……才發現這句話多麼深奧,多麼痛心”: “才發現 …… ” 可用強調句式“Only...”的倒裝句,“發現”一詞可以用“appreciate” ,透露出作者隨年齡增長能品味出 “Jesus’ statement”的意義。全句譯爲:“Only now do I appreciate its profundity and bitter irony.”這裏用“bitter irony”來表明作者的痛苦,諷刺 。

10. “使我想到我們中國人,成了今天這個樣子,我們的醜陋,來自於我們不知道我們醜 陋” :整句話缺少一個主語 ,但是從整個句子可以看出,主語爲“Jesus’ statement” , 但因前文已用過 “statement”一詞 ,故此處可以用“word”代替。“來自於”可以譯成“grow out of”, “out of”有“出於……”的意思。全句譯爲:“Jesus’ words taught me that the Chinese people’s ugliness grows out of our own ignorance of the fact that we are ugly.”。

  參考譯文

Life is a little bit like a stone in a cement mixer; when it gets tossed around with the other ingredients, it loses control of its own existence. I could cite similar analogies, but the conclusion I always come to is that the problems of the Chinese people are not individual but rather social and cultural problems. Before he died, Jesus said, “Forgive them, for they know not what they do”. When I first heard that statement as a child, I thought it rather bland and frivolous, and as I grew older I continued to feel that it lacked substance. Only now do I appreciate its profundity and bitter irony. Jesus’ words taught me that the Chinese people’s ugliness grows out of our own ignorance of the fact that we are ugly. The expenses for our trip to the United States were borne by Iowa University and Pei Zhuzhang, the owner of the Yenching Restaurant in Iowa City. Pei is a Chinese-American who had never set foot on China, nor met me before.

His generosity moved me deeply. He said, “Before reading your books, I felt that the Chinese people were a great people. After reading them my thinking changed entirely. Your books inspired me and made me want to hear you speak in person.”