2016年12月英語四級考試將在12月17日開考，大家都在緊張備考中，下面是yjbys網小編提供給大家關於英語四級考試翻譯備考習題，供大家備考練習。
Look at the keyboard of any standard typewriter or computer. "Q," "W," "E," "R," "T" and "Y" are the first six letters. Who decided on this arrangement of the letters? And why?
People tried for centuries to invent the typewriter. In 1714 in England, Henry Mill filed a patent for a machine called An Artificial Machine or Method for the Impressing or Transcribing of Letters, Singly or Progressively one after another, as in Writing, whereby all Writing whatsoever may be Engrossed in Paper or Parchment so Neat and Exact as not to be distinguished from Print. That machine probably didn’ t sell because no one could remember its name!
The first practical typewriter was patented in the United States in 1868 by Christopher Latham Sholes. His machine was known as the type-writer. It had a movable carriage, a lever for turning paper from line to line, and a keyboard on which the letters were arranged in alphabetical order.
But Sholes had a problem. On his first model, his "ABC" key arrangement caused the keys to jam when the typist worked quickly. Sholes didn’ t know how to keep the keys from sticking, so his solution was to keep the typist from typing too es asked his brother-in-law to rearrange the keyboard so that the commonest letters were not so close together and the type bars would come from opposite directions. Thus they would not clash together and jam the new arrangement was the QWERTY arrangement typists use today. Of course, Sholes claimed that the new arrangement was scientific and would add speed and efficiency. The only efficiency it added was to slow the typist down, since almost any word in the English language required the typist’ s fingers to cover more distance on the keyboard.
The advantages of the typewriter outweighed the disadvantages of the keyboard. Typists memorized the crazy letter arrangement, and
1) It was a great achievement _______________(10個月建成一棟24層的樓).
2) It is necessary _______________(我們在考試前好好地睡一晚上覺).
3) It is generous _______________(你把這麼多錢捐給災區人民).
4) The teacher decided _______________(不懲罰那些上課遲到的學生).
5) Mr. Green was wondering _______________ (是否去看望在法國的兒子).
6) The gardener _______________(剛纔警告我不要在中午給花澆水).
7) We _______________(請他給我們做有關現代藝術的講座).
8) He feels it challenging _______________(在這麼大一所大學做學生會主席).
9) We hope to have more opportunities _______________(把我們在課堂上學到的東西應用於實踐).
10) The bad weather _______________(破壞了我們在露天放電影的計劃).
11) The environmentalists are against _______________(在郊區建一座核電站的決定).
12) Sally Ride was the first _______________(探索外部空間的美國婦女).
13) They lifted a rock _______________(結果砸了自己的腳).
14) He was surprised _______________(在這個山村遇見一個中學同學).
15) I am sorry _______________(佔用了您這麼多時間).
16) I happened _______________(在他衝進來的時候站在門口).
17) She doesn’t like _______________(被當作客人).
18) If you want to save money, you’d better _______________(到校園書店買舊書).
19) We did nothing _______________(除了整天打橋牌).
20) We were made _______________(進屋之前在墊子上擦擦腳).
1) to complete a 24-story building in 10 months
(考點：不定式作主語時常用it作形式主語放在句首代替不定式，而將不定式移到謂語後面)
2) for us to have a good night’s sleep before the test
(考點：有時用“介詞for + 代詞/名詞”來表示不定式的'邏輯主語，這時整句的謂語描述的對象是事情，這種情況下謂語中常用的形容詞有：necessary, important, possible, impossible, all right, essential等)
3) of you to donate so much money to the people in the disaster area
(考點：有時用“介詞of + 代詞/名詞”來表示不定式的邏輯主語，這時整句的謂語描述的對象是人，這種情況下謂語中常用的形容詞有：absurd, bold, brave, careful, careless, cowardly, cruel, foolish, generous, good, honest, kind, nice, polite, rude, selfish, silly, stupid, thoughtful, thoughtless, wicked, wise, wrong等)
4) not to punish those students who had been late for class
(考點：1. 用不定式結構作decide的賓語;2.不定式的否定形式是在to前加not)
(能帶不定式作賓語的動詞常見的有：afford, agree, ask, attempt, beg, begin, bother, care, choose, claim, consent, decide, demand, desire, dislike, endeavor, expect, fail, fear, forget, happen, hate, help, hesitate, hope, intend, learn, like, love, manage, mean, neglect, offer, plan, pledge, prefer, prepare, pretend, promise, refuse, remember, resolve, start, threaten, undertake, venture, volunteer, vow, want, wish)
5) whether to visit their son in France
(考點：“疑問詞+不定式”作動詞wonder的賓語。能以這種結構作賓語的動詞通常有ask, consider, decide, discover, explain, forget, guess, know, learn, observe, remember, see, tell, understand, wonder等)
6) warned me just now not to water flowers at noon
(考點：不定式作賓語補語)
7) invited him to give us a lecture on modern art
(考點：同上)
(能帶不定式結構作賓語補語的動詞有advise, allow, ask, beg, cause, challenge, command, compel, enable, determine, encourage, expect, feel, find, force, get, hate, have, hear, help, inform invite, let, like, make, mean, need, notice, notify, oblige, order, permit, persuade, remind, request, require, see, send, teach, tell, tempt, trouble, urge, want, warn, watch, wish等。注：劃線的動詞後面的不定式不帶to)
8) to be the chairman of students’ union in so large a university
(考點：動詞 + it + 形容詞/名詞 + 不定式。it是形式賓語，不定式是真正賓語)
9) to apply what we have learned in class to practice
(考點：不定式作定語)考試大論壇
(不定式常用作以下名詞/代詞的定語：ability, ambition, anything, attempt, capability, chance, curiosity, desire, decision, determination, effort, failure, intention, need, nothing, opportunity, place, plan, promise, reason, right, something, tendency, time, way, wish等)
10) ruined our plan to show the film in the open air
(考點：同上)
11) the decision to build a nuclear power station in the suburbs
(考點：同上)
12) American woman to explore the outer space
(考點：由only, last, next，序數詞或形容詞最高級修飾的名詞常用不定式作定語)
13) only to drop it on their own feet
(考點：不定式作結果狀語)
14) to meet a high school classmate in the mountain village
(考點：不定式作原因狀語)
15) to have taken up so much of your time
(考點：1. 不定式作原因狀語;2. 不定式的完成時)
16) to be standing in the doorway when he rushed in
(考點：不定式的進行式)
17) to be treated as a guest
(考點：不定式的被動形式)
18) go to the campus bookstore to buy used books
(考點：不帶to的不定式)
19) but play bridge the whole day
(考點：同上)
20) to wipe our feet on the mat before going into the room
(考點：當動詞see, make, hear等用於被動語態時，不定式要保留to)
the typewriter became a huge success. By the time typists had memorized the new arrangement of letters and built their speed, typewriter technology had improved, and the keys didn’ t stick as badly as they had at first.
know from the passage that the inventor of the first practical typewriter is_____.
y Mill stopher Latham Sholes es’brother-in-law ert Einstein
author thinks the machine invented by Henry Mill could not be sold because_____.
was difficult for people to accept new things e were great disadvantages of the keyboard
machine could not be distinguished from print name of the machine was too long
es decided the QWERTY arrangement of the keyboard in order to_____.
nge the letters in alphabetical order e the keys to jam when the typist worked quickly
e the problem of the keys jamming ete with "ABC" key arrangement
is inferred that the QWERTY arrangement of the keyboard_____.
the most scientific arrangement speed and efficiency of typists
s the typist from typing too fast easy for typists to memorize
h of the following can be the best title of the passage?
Arrangement of The Letters on Keyboard Story of Christopher Latham Sholes
to Invent The Typewriter First Practical Typewriter
答案：BDCCA
